1865.] Report of the Archeological Survey. 175 
199° According to the bearing and distance from Madipur, as 
given by Hwen Thsang, we must look for Govisana somewhere to the 
north of Muradabad. In this direction the only place of any antiquity 
is the old fort of Ujain, which is just one mile to the east of Kashipur. 
According to the route which I marched the distance is 44 kos, or 66 
miles. I estimate the value of the kos by the measured distance of 
59 miles between the Post Offices of Bareli and Muradabad, which is 
always called 40 kos by the natives. The true bearing of Kashipur 
is east-south-east, instead of south-east, but the difference is not great ; 
and as the position of Kashipur is equally clearly indicated by the 
subsequent route to Ahichhatra, I feel quite satisfied that the old fort 
of Ujain represents the ancient city of Govisana which was visited by 
Hwen Thsang. 
200. Bishop Heber describes Kashipur as a “famous place of 
Hindu pilgrimage which was built by a divinity 
named Kashi 5,000 years ago.” But the 
good Bishop was grossly deceived by his informant, as it is well known 
Vol. IL., p. 246. 
_ that the town is a modern one, it having been built about A. D, 
_ 1718 by Kashi Nath, a follower of Raja Devi Chandra, or Deb Chand, 
of Champ4iwat in Kumaon. The old fort is now called Ujain, but as 
that is the name of the nearest village it seems probable that the true 
name has been lost. The place itself had been deserted for several 
hundred years before the occupation of Kashipur, but as the holy tank 
of Dron Sdgar had never ceased to be visited by pilgrims, I presume 
that the name of the tank must have gradually superseded that of the 
fort. Even at the present day, the name of Dron Sdgar is just as well 
known as that of Kashipur. 
201. The old fort of Ujain is very peculiar in its form, which may 
be best compared to the body of a guitar, It is 3,000 feet in length 
from west to east, and 1,500 feet in breadth, the whole circuit being 
upwards of 9,000 feet, or rather less than 2 miles. Hwen Thsang 
describes the circuit of Govisana as about 12,000 feet, or nearly 24 
 tniles, but in this measurement he must have included the long mound 
of ruins on the south side, which is evidently the remains of an ancient 
suburb. By including this mound as an undoubted part of the old 
city, the circuit of the ruins is upwards of 11,000 feet, or very nearly 
the same as that given by Hwen Thsang. Numerous groves, tanks, 

