214 Report of the Archeological Survey. ‘TEN 4, 
nearly dried up, and at the time of my visit its bed was planted with 
potatoes. But it is one of the oldest places of worship in Kanoj, and an 
annual fair is still held on its bank in the month of Bhadur, (August- 
September). Close beside it there is a modern temple of Mahadeva, 
which is said to have replaced a ruined one of some antiquity. To the 
south-west of Makarandnagar there are three mounds covered with 
broken bricks and pottery ; and under a tree, on the south mound, are 
collected a number of fragments of sculpture at a spot dedicated to 
Maordari Devi. 
267. Most of the ancient monuments of Kanoj that are noticed by 
the Chinese pilgrims are of course Buddhist; but numerous as they 
were, I am unable to do more than offer conjectures more or less pro- 
bable regarding their sites, as Muhammadan spoliation has not left a 
single place standing to give even a faint clue towards identification. 
The position of one of the most remarkable of the monuments is 
rendered more than usually doubtful by the conflicting evidence of the 
two pilgrims. According to Fa Hian, the great Stupa of Asoka, 200 feet 
in height, which was built on the spot where Buddha had preached on 
the instability of human existence, was situated at 6 or 7 li to the 
west of the town, and on the north bank of the Ganges. But accord- 
ing to Hwen Thsang, this great Stwpa was situated at 6 or 7 li to the 
south-east of the capital, and on the south bank of the Ganges. Now, as 
the ground to the north of the Ganges, as it existed during the first 
centuries of the Christian era, was very low and therefore liable to 
inundation, it seems highly improbable that any monument would 
have been erected in such an insecure position. I conclude therefore 
that Hwen Thsang’s account is most likely right, but I failed in my 
search for any remains of this vast monument in the position indicated, 
that is, at rather more than one mile to the south-east of the capital, 
and on the south bank of the Chota Ganga. 
268. To the north-west of the town Hwen Thsang places another 
Stupa of Asoka, but as he gives no distance, the mere bearing is too — 
vague to enable us to fix upon the site with any probability. Perhaps — 
the small village of Kapatya, or Kapteswari, nearly opposite the burnt’ — 
dak bungalow, is the most probable site; but although there are 
the remains of brick buildings in its vicinity, there is nothing to 
indicate the previous existence of any large Stwpa, A smaller Stupq — 
& 
all 
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