a. 
1865.] Report of the Archeological Survey. 217 
that the town as well as the Buddhist monuments must all have been 
swept away by the change in the river’s course. 
272. On leaving Nava-deva-kula, Hwen Thsang proceeded 600 
li, or 100 miles, to the south-east, and recrossing the Ganges he reach- 
ed the capital city of A-yw-to, which was 20 /, or upwards of 3 
miles, in circuit Both M. Julien and M. St. Martin have identi- 
fied this place with Ayodhya, the once celebrated capital of Rama. 
But though I agree with them as to the probable identification of the 
name as that of the country, I differ with them altogether in looking 
for the capital along the line of the Ghdghra River, which is due east 
from Kanoj, whereas Hwen Thsang states that his route was to the 
south-east. It is of course quite possible that the pilgrim may occa- 
sionally use the generic name of Ganges as the appellation of any large 
river, such for instance as the Ghdaghra, but in the present case, where 
the recorded bearing of south-east agrees with the course of the Ganges, 
I think it is almost certain that the Ganges itself was the river intend- 
ed by the pilgrim. But by adopting the line of the Ganges we 
encounter a difficulty of a different kind in the great excess of the 
distance between two such well-known places as Kanoj and Praydg. 
According to Hwen Thsang’s route, he first made 100 li to Nava- 
deva-kula, then 600 lito Ayutho, then 300 li by water to Hayamukha, 
and lastly 700 li to Praydga. All these distances added together 
make a total of 1,700 i, or 283 miles, which is just 100 miles, or 
600 li, in excess of the true distance. But as a part of the jonrney, 
viz., 300 l, or 50 miles, was performed by water, the actual excess 
may perhaps not be more than 85 or 90 miles; although it is doubt- 
ful whether the distance of 300 li may not have been the road mea- 
surement and not the river distance. It is sufficient for our purpose 
to know that Hwen Thsang’s recorded measurement is somewhere about 
100 miles in excess of the truth. The only explanation of this error 
that suggests itself to me is, that there may have been an accidental 
alteration of one set of figures, such as 60 lx for 600 Ui, or 700 li for 
70%. Supposing that the former was the case, the distance would 
be shortened by 540 lz, or 90 miles, and if the latter, by 630 li, or 
105 miles. This mode of correction brings the pilgrim’s account. into 
fair accordance with the actual distance of 180 miles between Kanoj 
and Prayég. 

