230 Report of the Archeological Survey. [No. 4, 
King Udayana was permitted to send up to the Trayastrinsa heaven, 
while the great Teacher was explaining his law to his mother Maya. The 
statue was placed under a stone dome, within the precincts of the palace 
of Udayana, which is described by Hwen Thsang as being situated in 
the very middle of Kosimbi. This description shows that the place 
must have occupied the position of the great central mass of ruin, 
which is now covered by a small Jain temple. The temple is said to 
have been built in 1834, and is dedicated to Pdrasndth. By the 
‘people, however, it is generally called Deora, or the Temple, which 
was the old name of the mound, and which, therefore, points unmis- 
takably to the position of the ancient temple that once held the famous 
statue of Buddha. The foundations of a large building are still 
traceable both to the east and west of the temple; but there are no — 
remains either of sculpture or of architectural ornament. But in the 
village of Bara Garhawa, distant 1,500 feet to the south-west, I found 
two sculptured pillars of a Buddhist railing, and the pedestal of a 
statue inscribed with the well-known Buddhist profession of faith, 
beginning with Ye dharmma hetu prabhava, &c., in characters of the 
8th or 9th century. In the village of Chota Garhawa, distant half a 
mile to the south-east, I found a small square pillar sculptured on three 
faces with representations of stwpas. The discovery of these undoubted 
Buddhist remains is alone sufficient to prove that some large Buddhist 
establishment must once have existed inside the walls of Kosambi, 
I would therefore assign the two pillars of the Buddhist railing and 
the inscribed statue to the great Vzhar in the palace, which contained 
the famous sandal wood statue of Buddha. The third pillar I would 
assign to the stwpa which contained the hair and nails of Buddha, 
as it was situated inside the south-east corner of the city, on the very 
site of Chota Garhaw4, where the pillar itself was found. The two 
railing pillars found at Bara Garhawa are sculptured with figures of a 
male and female, and as both of these figures exhibit the very same 
scanty clothing as is seen in those of the bas-reliefs of the Sanchi 
Tope, near Bhilsa, I would refer the Kosambi pillars to the same age, 
or somewhere about the beginning of the Christian era. 
291. The only other existing relic of Buddhism inside the fort is a 
large stone monolith similar to those of Allahabad and Delhi, excepting 
only that it bears no ancient inscription. This column is now stand- 
ing at an angle of 52°, about one-half of the shaft being buried in a 

