1865.] Report of the Archeological Survey. 235 
and searched the whole place through most carefully, but all in vain: 
I could neither find the trace of any tope, nor could I even hear of 
ancient remains of any kind. On the following day, however, after 
I had left Sultanpur, I heard that the village of Mahmudpur, about 5 
miles to the north-west, was situated on an ancient mound of somewhat 
larger size than that of Sultanpur, and on my arrival at Faizabad, I 
learned from Lieutenant Swetenham, of the Royal Engineers, that 
there is an old tope to the north-west of Sultanpur, not far from this 
village. I conclude, therefore, that Sulténpur, the ancient Kusapura, 
is the same place as the Kasapura of Hwen Thsang ; and this identifi- 
cation will be made even more certain on examination of the recorded 
distances. 
298. On leaving Kosimbi, the pilgrim proceeded first in a north- 
east direction to the Ganges, after crossing which he turned to the 
north to Kasapura, the whole distance being 117 miles. Now, the two 
great ghats on the Ganges to the north-east of Kosam are at Mau- 
Saraya and Pdpa-mau, the former being 40 miles, and the latter 43 
miles distant. But as these two ghats are close together, and almost 
immediately to the north of Allahabad, the total distance to Kasapura 
will be the same, whichever place of crossing be taken. From 
Papamau to Sultanpur the direction is due north, and the distance 66 
miles; the whole line from Kosam to Sultanpur being 109 miles, 
which is within 8 miles of the round number of 700 i, or 116% miles, 
as given by Hwen Thsang; while both of the bearings are in exact 
accordance with his statements. From Kasapura to Visdiha the direction 
_ followed by the pilgrim was to the north, and the distance was from 
170 to 180 k, or from 28 to 38 miles. Now the present city of Ajudhya, 
the ancient Ayodhya or Saketa, is almost due north from Sulténpur, 
the distance being 30 miles to the nearest point, or just six miles in 
_ excess of the distance given by Hwen Thsang. As the former of these 
distances is in default, while the latter is in excess, I would suggest, 
as a possible alternative, that our measurements should be taken from 
the village of Mahmtdpur, which would make the route from Kosam 
to the Buddhist establishment near Kasapura up to 114 miles, or within 
three miles of the number stated by Hwen Thsang, and lessen the sub- 
sequent route to Ayodhya from 36 to 31 miles, which is within one 
tile of the number given by the Chinese pilgrim. As all the bear- 
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