1865.] Report of the Archeological Survey. 261 
from the gate the first monuments noticed by both pilgrims are two lofty 
stone pillars, ene on each side of the road. Hwen Thsang says that 
they had been erected by Asoka, that they were 70 feet high, and that 
the left column was crowned by a cupola or dome, and the other by an 
elephant. But Fa Hian, on the contrary, describes these figures as a 
wheel and an ox. I feel satisfied that Fa Hian is right as to the first, 
as the wheel is frequently represented in the Sanchi sculptures as 
crowning the capitals of columns, and we know that it was also used 
as a type of Buddha himself as the Chakravartti Raja, or King who 
“turned the wheel” of the law, or in other words who made religion 
advance. With regard to the animal that crownéd the other pillar I 
am unable to offer any remark, except the obvious explanation that 
the trunk of the elephant must have been broken off before the time 
of Fa Hian, otherwise it is impossible to conceive how he could have 
mistaken the figure for that of an ox. But this discrepancy in the 
accounts of the two pilgrims is the best argument that I can offer for 
the mistake which I believe them both to have made regarding the 
animal that crowned the Sankisa pillar, as noticed in para. 247 of this 
Report. There are no remains of these pillars, but there are two 
slight eminences only 300 feet distant from the monastery which 
may have been the basements on which the pillars stood, as the 
pathway leading to the ruined mound on the east side runs between 
them. 
843. To the north-east of the monastery of Jetavana, and there- 
fore to the north of the pillars, there was a Stwpa, built, on the spot 
where Buddha had washed the hands and feet of a sick monk and 
had cured his sickness. The remains of this Stwpa still exist in a 
mass of solid brick-work, to the north of the presumed pillar base- 
ments, and at a distance of 550 feet from the Jetavana monastery. 
This ruined mass, which is 243 feet in height, is built entirely of 
large bricks, 24 by 10 by 3} inches, which is a sufficient proof of its 
antiquity. I made an excavation from the top, to a depth of 20 feet, 
without any result save the verification of the fact that the ruin was a 
mass of solid brick-work. e 
344. To the east of the monastery, at a distance of 100 paces, or 
250 feet, there was a large deep trench, which was said to be the spot 
where the earth had opened and engulfed Devadatta, the cousin and 
