JOURNAL 
OF THE 
mouLATIC SOCIETY, 
—o— 
Part I1—PHYSICAL SCIENCE, 

No. I.—1865. 
Notes of a towr made in 1863-64 in the Tributary Mehals under the 
Commissioner of Chota-Nagpore, Bonai, Gangpore, Odeypore and 
Sirgooja.—By Ur.-Cou. T. Darron. 
[Received 2nd September, 1864, | 
Bonai is a small hilly district lying very snugly isolated from all 
civilization, between Sarundah the wildest part of Singbhoom and the 
Tributary Mehals of Keonjhur, Bamra, and Gangpore. It is 58 miles 
in greatest length from east to west and 37 miles in greatest breadth 
from north to south, with an area of 1,297 square miles. It is for 
the most part a mass of uninhabited hills, only 13th of the whole 
being under cultivation, but about its centre, on both banks of the 
Brahmini river, which bisects it, there is a beautiful valley containing 
the sites of upwards of twenty good, and for the most part cotermin- 
ous villages, the houses well sheltered by very ancient mango and 
tamarind trees, with a due proportion of graceful palms. The tal and 
date appear to grow very luxuriantly in the valley, and sugar-cane 
thrives there. Many of the villages lie close to the river and their 
luxuriant groves meet and form long undulating lines of high and 
well-wooded bank. On all sides, at the distance of a few miles, are 
hills, some nearly three thousand feet above the level of the valley, 
and thus a very pleasing and varied landscape is disclosed at every 
turn of the broad and rapid rock-broken stream. 
I 
