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KIDD'S LONDON JOURNAL. 



They are also, like all the great cat family, 

 entirely unsocial, so that their ravages are in no 

 case multiplied either hy the union or the sagacity 

 displayed in the combined operations of the dog 

 or wolf. Each with his female partner, occupies 

 a solitary den, usually concealed in some obscure 

 retreat in the wide jungle or forest. Were it 

 otherwise, it would seem nearly impossible for 

 any other creatures to live in a region occupied 

 by them, so that they must speedily effect their 

 own destruction by the annihilation of their 

 whole means of subsistence. The bound with 

 which the tiger springs from his ambush, and 

 dashes himself on his prey, is astonishing and 

 terrible, and may be said to be irresistible in its 

 effects. Man appears as a mere puppet in the 

 clutch of this ferocious animal, which has been 

 known, as in the case of Sir Hector Monro's un- 

 fortunate son, to dash into the midst of a party 

 of armed men, and paralysing the whole by its 

 sudden and tremendous roar, to carry off with 

 ease its victim, apparently indeed scarcely feel- 

 ing any impediment from the weight of a 

 fall-grown man. Even the great Indian buffalo 

 is borne down by this ferocious beast, and dragged 

 off through the jungle without any violent exer- 

 tion of its enormous strength. To such voracious 

 animals, a large district is needed for the range 

 of a single pair, where the flocks of the herbiver- 

 ous animals abound, and where the immense 

 preponderance in the number of the latter shall 

 prevent the violent inroads of their dread foe 

 from becoming so frequent as to scare them 

 from the district. 



PHKENOLOGY FOE THE MILLION. 



"He who opposes his own judgment against the con- 

 sent of the times, ought to be backed with unanswerable 

 Truths ; and he who has Truth on his side is a fool, 

 as well as a Coward, if he is afraid to own it because of 

 the currency or multitude of other men's opinions." — 

 Deeoe. 



No. IV.— THE LIFE OF DR. GALL. 



Now that our opponents are tranquilised, let 

 us take up these questions — in what manner are 

 the faculties and propensities of man connected 

 with his organisation? are they the expression of 

 a principle of mind purely spiritual, and acting 

 purely by itself? or is the mind connected with 

 some particular organisation? if so, by what 

 organisation ? — From the solution of these ques- 

 tions, we shall derive the second principle. 



II. The Faculties and Propensities of Man have 

 their seat in the Brain. 



I adduce the following proofs: — 1. The func- 

 tions of the mind are deranged by the lesion of 

 the brain: they are not immediately deranged 

 by the lesion of other parts of the body. 



2. The brain is not necessary to life ; but as 

 nature creates nothing in vain, it must be that 

 the brain has another distinction; that is to 

 say,— 



3. The qualities of the mind, or the faculties 

 and propensities of men and animals, are mul- 

 tiplied and elevated in direct ratio to the in- 

 crease of the mass of brain, proportionally to 



that of the body ; and especially in proportion 

 to the nervous mass. Here we find ourselves 

 associated with the boar, the bear, the horse, the 

 ox — with the camel, dolphin, elephant, and the 

 stupid Sloth. A man like you, possesses more 

 than double the quantity of brain in a stupid 

 bigot; and at least one-sixth more than the wisest 

 or the most sagacious elephant. By this, we 

 are led to admit the second principle here laid 

 down. 



III. and IV. The Faculties are not only distinct 

 and independent of the Propensities; but also 

 the Faculties among themselves, and the Propen- 

 sities among themselves, are essentially distinct 

 and independent: they ought, consequently, to 

 have their seat in parts of the Brain distinct and 

 independent of each other. 



Proof 1. "We can make the qualities of the 

 mind alternately act and repose; so that one, 

 after being fatigued, rests and refreshes itself, 

 while another acts and becomes fatigued in turn. 



2. The dispositions and propensities exist 

 among themselves, in variable proportions in 

 man, as also in animals of the same kind. 



3. Different faculties and propensities exist 

 separately in different animals. 



4. The faculties and propensities develop 

 themselves at different epochs ; some cease, with- 

 out the other diminishing, and even while the 

 other increases. 



5. In diseases and wounds of certain parts of 

 the brain, certain qualities are deranged, irri- 

 tated, or suspended ; they return by degrees to 

 their natural state, during the curative process. 



I do not imagine myself a man sufficiently 

 great to establish anything by bare assertion. I 

 must endeavor therefore, to establish each one 

 of these facts by proof Nevertheless, some timid 

 minds will object thus : If you allow that the 

 functions of the mind are produced by corporeal 

 means, or by certain organs, will you not assail 

 the spiritual nature and the immortality of the soul? 

 Condescend to hear my answer. The natural- 

 ist endeavors to penetrate the laws of the mate- 

 rial world only, and supposes that no natural 

 truth can be in contradiction with an established 

 truth ; he now finds, that neither the mind nor body 

 can be destroyed without the immediate order of 

 the Creator ; but he can draw no conclusion as 

 to spiritual life. He contents himself with per- 

 ceiving and teaching, that the mind is chained 

 in this life to a corporeal organisation. 



Thus much in general : but for details, I answer 

 in the following manner. In the preceding 

 objection, the Being who acts, is confounded by 

 the instrument by which he acts. That which 

 I laid down respecting the lower Faculties, that 

 is to say, of the inferior organs of the functions 

 of the mind, in numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, takes place 

 also with it in regard to the external senses. 

 For example, while the fatigued eye reposes, we 

 can listen attentively; the hearing may be de- 

 stroyed, without the vision being impaired ; some 

 of the senses may be imperfect, while others are 

 in full force; worms are entirely destitute of 

 hearing and sight, but they possess a perfect 

 touch; the new-born puppy is for several days 

 both blind and deaf, while his taste is perfectly 

 developed; in old age, the hearing generally 



