KIDD'S LONDON JOURNAL. 



213 



across the Channel ? Surely we have found 

 it in the magnetic aura of the human body, 

 acting on the aura of other bodies ; impreg- 

 nated with the spirit of the mind Avithin it, 

 and upheld and actuated by the eternal 

 mind in which it has its being. I am, my 

 dear Sir, yours most truly, — W. King, M.D., 

 Cantab. 



" Mr. J. 0. N. Rutter, Black Rock." 

 We offer no comment whatever upon the 

 foregoing ; but we wait with much anxiety 

 to know more of Mr. Rutter's pending ex- 

 periments. He has shown much true wisdom 

 in not advancing more at one time than he 

 is able to prove. 



PHRENOLOGY FOR THE MILLION. 



"He who opposes his own judgment against the con- 

 sent of the times, ought to be backed with unanswerable 

 Truths ; and he who has Truth on his side is a fool, 

 as well as a Coward, if he is afraid to o'vn it because of 

 the currency or multitude of other men's opinions." — 

 Defoe. 



No. VI.— THE LIFE OF DR. GALL. 



In 1800, Dr. Spurzheim commenced his labors 

 along with Dr. Gall, and in that year assisted, for 

 the first time, at one of his courses oflectures. He 

 entered with great zeal into the consideration of 

 the new doctrine ; and to use his own Avords, " he 

 was simply a hearer of Dr. Gall, till 1804, at 

 which period he was associated with him in his 

 labors, and his character of hearer ceased." 



" Dr. Spurzheim," says Dr. Gall, " who for a 

 long time had been familiar with the physiolo- 

 gical part of my doctrine, and who was particu- 

 larly expert in anatomical researches, and in the 

 dissection of the brain, formed the design of ac- 

 companying and of pursuing in common with 

 me the investigations which had for their end 

 the anatomy and physiology of the nervous 

 system. " 



Gall acd Spurzheim quitted Vienna in 1805, 

 to travel together, and to pursue in common their 

 researches. 



In the period which elapsed betwixt the in- 

 terdiction of Dr. Gall's lectures in 1802, and the 

 time when he and Dr. Spurzheim left Vienna, 

 the doctrine had made a rapid progress, not only 

 in general diffusion, but in solid and important 

 additions; a fact of which any one may be sa- 

 tisfied, by comparing the publications by Dr. 

 Gall's auditors already mentioned, with those by 

 his hearers in the different towns in Germany, 

 visited in the course of his and Dr. Spurzheim's 

 travels. The following works, in particular, 

 afford evidence of the state of the science in 

 1805:— 



Bischoff. — Exposition de la Doctrine de Gall 

 eur le Cerveau et le Crane, suivie dc Re- 

 marques de Mr. Hufeland sur cette Doctrine. — 

 Berlin, 2de. Edit. .1805. 

 Blcede. — Le Doctrine du Gall sur lesFonctions 

 de Cerveau. — Dresde, 2de. Edit. 1805. 

 From 1804 to 1813, Dr. Gall and Dr. Spurz- 

 heim were constantly together, and their re- 

 searches were conducted in common. They left 



Vienna on March 6, 1805, to go direct to Berlin, 

 and thereafter visited the following places :• — 

 Berlin, Potsdam, Leipsic, Dresden, Halle, Jena, 

 Weimar, Goettingen, Brauerschweig, Copen- 

 hagen, Kiel, Hamburgh, Bremen, Minister, Am- 

 sterdam, Ley den, Dusseldorf, Frankfort, Wiirtz- 

 bourg, Marbourg, Stuttgart!, Carlsruhe, Las- 

 tall, Freybourg en Brisgaw Doneschingue, 

 Heidelberg, Manheim, Munich, Augsbourg, 

 Ulm, Zurich, Bern, Bale, Muhlhause, Paris. 



In these travels, " I experienced everywhere," 

 says Gall, " the most flattering reception. 

 Sovereigns, ministers, pbilosophers, legislators, 

 artists, seconded my design on all occasions, 

 augmenting my collection, and furnishing me 

 everywhere with new observations. The cir- 

 cumstances were too favorable to permit me to 

 resist the invitations which came to me from 

 most of the Universities." 



" This journey afforded me the opportunity of 

 studying the organisation of a great number of men 

 of eminent talents, and of others extremely limited, 

 and I had the advantage of observing the differ- 

 ence between them. I gathered innumerable 

 facts in the schools, and in the great establish- 

 ments of education, in the asylums for orphans 

 and foundlings, in the insane hospitals, in the 

 houses of correction, in prisons, in judicial 

 courts, and even in places of execution; the 

 multiplied researches on suicides, idiots, and 

 madmen, have contributed greatly to correct and 

 confirm my opinions." 



From November, 1807, Dr. Gall made Paris 

 his permanent home. 



In November, 1807, Dr. Gall, assisted by Dr. 

 Spurzheim, delivered his first course of Public 

 Lectures in Paris. " His assertions," says Che- 

 nevix, " were supported by a numerous collec- 

 tion of skulls, heads, casts; by a multiplicity 

 of anatomical and physiological facts. Great 

 indeed was the ardor excited among the Pari- 

 sians, by the presence of the men who, as they 

 supposed, could tell their fortunes by their heads. 

 Every one wanted to get a peep at them ; every 

 one was anxious to give them a dinner, or 

 supper !" 



In 1808, they presented a joint memoir, on the 

 Anatomy of the Brain, to the French Institute. 

 We present you, said they, in their memoir, "Une 

 description du Systeme Nerveux, moins d'apres 

 sa structure physique, et ses formes me'eaniques 

 que d'apres des Vues Philosophiques et Physiolo- 

 giquesque des homines habitue's a des considerations 

 superieures ne refuseront point d'accueiUir." The 

 Institute was then in all its glory. In propor- 

 tion as Bonaparte had cannonaded, it had grown 

 enlightened. As the hero was the referendary of 

 military justice, so was it the Areopagus of scien- 

 tific truth. The chief of the anatomical de- 

 partment was M. Cuvier; and he was the first 

 member of this learned body to whom Drs. Gall 

 and Spurzheim addressed themselves. 



M. Cuvier was a man of known talent and 

 acquirements, and his mind was applicable to 

 many branches of science. But what equally 

 distinguished him with the versatility of his 

 understanding, was the suppleness of his opi- 

 nions. He received the German Doctors with 

 much politeness. He requested them to dissect 

 a brain privately for him and a few of his learned 



