12 ORIGIN OF SPECIES, 
er individuals of species always produce their like. 
An affirmative answer to this question effectually 
disposes of the Darwinian theory, and, unfortunately 
for that theory, the facts bearing upon it, falling un- 
der human observation during the entire historic 
period, are all one way. These facts. bear out the 
assertion that like uniformly produces like, under 
ordinary generation, with minor differences,—that is 
to say, dogs have always produced dogs—horses, 
horses, etc. It is true there are minor differences 
without number, because there never haszbeen, and 
never will be any two things exactly alike. - The 
type of a species is well represented by a straight 
ine, and the variations are departures from this line 
up or down, with a constant tendency to return to 
it, and keep in near proximity. This is the historic 
record, and there have been no experiments by do- 
mestication or otherwise, by which it is substantially 
contradicted. No amount of bird training has ever 
changed a pigeon into a hawk, or anything but a 
pigeon. The inference is fair—nay, it may be said 
to be conclusive—that heredity in ordinary genera- 
tion, has always been the rule, and always will be. 
In this, as-the Duke of Argyll well says, Darwin has 
given to known causes, unknown effects. 
Man being the last creation of species, is un- 
doubtedly to remain the last. There was a final 
purpose from the beginning ; and that was reached 
and consummated in man. Says Agassiz: ‘Who 
