INTRO DU CTI0N\ 



XIX 



4 



5 



6 o 

 7 o 

 8 o o 

 9 o o 

 10 o o o 



1 o Heaven 

 2 o o Earth 



ooo Heaven 

 > o o o Earth 



oooo Heaven 

 i o o o o Earth 



ooooo Heaven 

 ooooo Earth 



oooooo Heaven 

 i o o o o o o Earth 



The odd numbers, added together, make the number 25. So the Yih-king says: //The num- 



ber of Heaven is 25"; whilst the even numbers, added together, make 30, so the Yih-king 



says: //the number of earth is 30." 



The above diagram was composed from the Loh-shu ( l ) and Ho-thu. ( 2 ) 



Tradition says that the emperor Yu ( 3 ), walking one day near the river Loh, a large tribu- 



tary of the Yellow-river, saw a tortoise rise out of the water which had figures of the following 



outline on its back. 



These are nine figures which, added together in 

 every way, always form the number 15; whilst the 

 total number of dots is 45. If we reduce this tortoise 

 to a more arithmetical form we get the figure 



4 9 2 



3 5 | 7 



8 16 



So, too, the emperor Fuh-hi (B. C. 2953) perceivcd on the back of a strange animal, half 

 dragon half horse, (*) in the river llo, a figure of the following outlines 



l 1 ) 

 t 8 ) 



( 2 ) m 



He lived B. C. 2205. 



(*) Luog-ma (f| j§ ) 



