31 



^ft^Tm 





The heroes are the first; the braves join them & rise. 



Heaven / 



Instead of the four characters in the second rim: Moon Sun, stand the characters 



Earth 



with the same meaning ( 1 ); whilst the two characters ^ fy. Changes are repla- 



H£ 



eed by the complicated form of character for' Heaven-Earth , 



»«i 



Ui 



Under the two middlemost characters $t ||}j stand the characters » ... j_. 9 the upper two 



characters meaning: Mountain, Sun; whilst the undermost characters are abbreviated for 

 $£ JlM ^,//Hall of Obedience to Hung," the name of the second lodge in Canton. 



On other copies the 3 Hung-cash are printed on the outside of the seal. ( 2 ) 

 In the province of Shan-tung the brotherhood has the following diploma, which is called //the 

 red bill." («) 



i 1 ) See the additions and exegetical notes. ( 2 ) See Part VI, s. ix. 



( 8 ) $1 JfL Hung-tan, or »gfe ^ The Hung-bill. (See the cut on next page). 



