CARANGIDjE. 149 



like scales, which are usually keeled and sometimes spiny. Air- 

 bladder bifurcated posteriorly. Pyloric appendages in large 

 numbers. 



Geographical Distribution. Almost all temperate and tropical 

 seas. 



The genus Caranx contains so many varieties of forms that it 

 has been subdivided greatly. 



Synopsis of Indian Species. 



A. Teeth on the palate. 



a. Several detached finlets behind dorsal and 



anal fins , 1. C. rottleri, p. 150. 



b. A single detached finlet behind dorsal and 



anal 2. C. kurra, p. 151. 



c. No detached finlets. 



a'. First dorsal fin developed. 



a". Outer series of upper teeth distinctly 



enlarged, 

 a'". Height of body less than | total 



length. [p. 152. 



Chest in front of ventrals scaled . . 3. C. melampygus, 

 Chest in front of ventrals scaleless. . 4. C. jarra, p. 152. 

 V". Height of body about i total 



length. 



a. Chest chiefly or wholly scaleless. 5. C. carangus, p. 153. 

 ft. Chest scaled. 



Height of preorbital = | diameter 



of orbit 6. C. hippos, p. 154. 



Height of preorbital = f to 1'^ 



diam. of orbit 7. C. sansun, p. 155. 



6". Teeth in jaws subequal. 



a'". Chest scaleless; height of body 



less than f of total length. 

 D. 8 | 1/30-31. A. 2 | 1/25-27. [p. 155. 



Maxilla not reaching below orbit. 8. C. yymnostethoides, 

 D. 7-8 | 1/24-28. A. 2 | 1/22. 



Maxilla extending below orbit . . 9. C.ferdati, p. 166. 

 V". Chest scaled. 



Height of body contained 4J to 4| 

 times in total length. Sc. 1.* 27- 

 32. Teeth in a single row in both 



jaws 10. C. crumenophthal- 



He'ight of body 4 in total length. [inus, p. 156. 



L. 1. becomes straight below 6th 



dorsal spine. Sc. 1. 46 11. C. loops, p. 157. 



Height of body 3| in length. L. 1. 

 becomes straight below first dorsal 



ray. Sc. 1. 46-53 12. C. cljedaba, p. 158. 



Height of body 3f to 4 in length. 

 L. 1. becomes straight below 7th 

 dorsal ray. Sc. 1. 42-47. Teeth 

 in front of jaws in more than one 

 row 13. C. affinis, p. 158. 



* Sc. 1., see note on next page. 



