166 TELEOSTEI. ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



929. (22.) Caranx gallus. 



Zeus gallus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 454. 



Caranx gallus, Day, Fish. India, p. 224, pi. li,fig. 3 (see synon.). 



Gurrahparah, Tel. ; Nga thenbau, Arracan. 



D. 0-6 | 1/19. P. 17. A. 0-2 | 1/16. 0. 19. Sc. 1. 8-10. 



Length of head from 3| at 6 inches to 4% at 23 inches, height 

 of body 1| to 3 in the total length. Eyes with only small 

 posterior adipose lids or without any ; diameter 83 to 4 in length of 

 head, 1| to If diam. from end of snout. Body much elevated, 

 especially in the young, and strongly compressed ; central longi- 

 tudinal crest on the head much raised, causing the dorsal profile 

 before the eyes to be concave. Lower jaw the longer, the maxilla 

 reaches to nearly below the vertical from front edge of orbit. 

 Preorbital very high, from 1^ to If diameters of the orbit. Teeth 

 apparently villiform in young in jaws, vomer, palatines, and 

 tongue, but in adults (23 inches long) they assume an entirely 

 different (or Sparoid) character, having rounded crowns, 5 rows 

 in premaxillaries, and 4 in lower jaw, decreasing to 2 or 1 row 

 behind ; whilst the vomer has only a single row across it. Fins 

 spinous first dorsal in the young appears in a rudimentary form, 

 becoming absorbed as age advances : the second dorsal commences 

 at the most elevated point of the back ; its rays, especially the first 

 7 or 8, are elongated and have filiform terminations. Pectoral 

 rather longer than the head. Ventral with its two outer rays 

 elongate in the young, not so in the adult. The preanal spines 

 are apparent in the immature. First two or three anal rays elon- 

 gate, but not so much so as those of the dorsal fin. Caudal deeply 

 forked. Scales rudimentary or absent except along the lateral 

 line ; at the free portion of the tail they are keeled, anteriorly 

 they are small and rounded. A low keel on either side of base of 

 tail in adults. Lateral line first ascends, then curves to below 

 the 12th dorsal ray, when it becomes straight. Pyloric appendages 

 numerous. Colour silvery glossed with purple and gold : the 

 young with five wide vertical bands which disappear with age. A 

 small, dark opercular spot in the adult. Filamentous prolongations 

 of fins dark or black. 



Hab. Red Sea, seas of India, Malay Archipelago and beyond ; 

 attaining at least 2 feet in length (said to reach 5 feet) and not 

 uncommon. 



930. (23.) Caranx ciliaris. 

 Zeus ciliaris, Block, Ich. t. 191. 



Caranx ciliaris, Day, Fish. India, p. 224 (see synon.). 



D. 6 | 1/19. P. 18. A. 2 | 1/16. C. 19. Sc. 1. 15. 

 Length of head 3| to 3|, height of body 1=| to If in the total 

 length, ^-without adipose lids ; diameter 3 in length of head, 



