KERRY WOODS. 31 



section illustrated in Plate III. (Tree No. 8L) was a particularly 

 good specimen, with an average of about 10 rings per inch of 

 radius and a large proportion of heartwood. 



Spruce. The quality of the spruce timber varies very greatly 

 according to the method of growth. Of the specimens 

 illustrated, No. 9 (Plate III.), was grown under uniformly dense 

 canopy conditions, while Nos. i and 8 (Plate IV.), and 3 (Plate V.), 

 varied from moderate canopy conditions in youth to denser 

 conditions later in life. According to Janka,* regularity in the 

 width of the annual rings and a large proportion of summer to 

 spring wood are the chief factors governing the quality of spruce 

 timber, assuming the absence of knots. The narrower the rings 

 the better the timber as a rule. Judged by this standard, No. 9 

 (1,530 ft. elevation) is a good specimen of spruce timber, while 

 the remaining specimens, with the exception of No. 3 (1,460 feet 

 elevation) (Plate V.), are inferior owing to irregular treatment of 

 the crop. If grown properly, there is no reason why spruce timber 

 of good quality should not be produced at all elevations in the 

 district. 



The longitudinal section in Plate III. represents the characteris- 

 tically coarse and knotty character of spruce timber when grown 

 in mixture with larch and Scotch pine. 



The spruce is attacked by heart-rot, especially on dry soils, at 

 an advanced age, but appears to be quite sound up to 70 years 

 of age. 



Scotch Pine. The Scotch pine timber grown on the estate is 

 of poor quality, and up to 54 years of age is very little superior to 

 spruce. No. 2, Plate V., represents the breast-height section 

 from the sample tree of Group II. (54 years old, 1,460 ft. elevation). 

 The tree was just beginning to form heartwood when felled. 



Douglas Fir has not been grown under dense conditions, and 

 hence the timber is knotty and broad-ringed. In spite of the wide 

 rings, however, the timber is hard and strong. The/ section 

 illustrated, Plate VI., was taken from an unknown tree, and appar- 

 ently at some distance up the stem. The rings are remarkably 

 wide and even, and after thorough seasoning the wood appears to 

 be of excellent quality, with a good proportion of heartwood. 



Corsican Pine. The wood, as illustrated by No. 12, Plate V., 

 indicates, that if properly treated, good Corsican pine timber 

 may be grown in the district. The wood is inclined to be coarse, 

 and at 40 years of age the sample tree had just begun to form 

 heartwood. 



Austrian Pine. The section in Plate VI. was grown in a some- 

 what open position in an avenue. The timber is broad-ringed and 

 coarse, and splits readily. 



" Elastizitiit und Festigkeit der osterreischen Bauholzer." Mitteilungen aits 

 dem Forstlichen Versuchsivesen Osterreichs. Heft XXXV. 



