MODELS FOR TREE DESCRIPTION 45 



are more or less successive methods to be introduced as 

 the work of a class. Pupils should be induced to carry 

 on their own investigations as far as possible before 

 going to printed sources for information. A good part 

 of class work should be devoted to the first three of the 

 methods given, but the work might finally include the 

 fourth form of composition. The first two methods 

 should follow each other with each of the trees studied; 

 that is, one week let a mere outline be written, to be 

 followed the next week with as clear and connected a 

 description as the ability of the pupil will allow, and 

 containing as much of the information given in the out- 

 line as possible. 



OUTLINE FOR TREE DESCRIPTION. 



The tree as a whole: size, general form, trunk, branch- 

 ing, twigs, character of bark, color of bark on trunk, 

 branches, and fine spray. 



Leaves : parts, arrangement, kinds, size, thickness, form, 

 edges, veining, color, surface, duration. 



Buds : position, size, form, covering, number, color. 



Sap and. juice. 



Floivers : size, shape, color, parts, odor, position, time 

 of blooming, duration. 



Fruit : size, kind, form, color when young and when 

 ripe, time of ripening, substance, seeds, duration, useful- 

 ness. 



Wood (often necessarily omitted) : hardness, weight, 

 color, grain, markings, durability. 



Remarks : the peculiarities not brought out by the above 

 outline. 



NOTES ON THE FOREGOING OUTLINE. 



The height of a tree can be readily determined by the 

 following plan. Measure the height you can easily reach 

 from the ground in feet and inches. Step to the trunk 



