10 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 



Trees having multiple roots are readily transplanted, 

 even when large. The Maples and Elms are of this class. 



Boots that grow from the root-end of the embryo of 

 the seed are called primary roots ; those growing from 

 slips or from stems anywhere are secondary roots. 



Some trees grow luxuriantly with only secondary roots ; 

 such trees can readily be raised from stems placed in the 

 ground. The Willows and Poplars are good examples 

 of this group. Other trees need all the strength that 

 primary roots can give them ; these have to be raised 

 from seed. Peach-trees are specially good examples, 

 but practically most trees are best raised from seed. 



A few trees can be easily raised from root-cuttings or 

 from suckers which grow up from roots. The Ailanthus, 

 or " Tree of Heaven," is best raised in this way. Of this 

 tree there are three kinds, two of which have disagree- 

 able odors when in bloom, but the other is nearly odor- 

 less. By using the roots or the suckers of the third kind, 

 only those which would be pleasant to have in a neighbor- 

 hood would be obtained. One of the large cities of the 

 United States has in its streets thousands of the most 

 displeasing of these varieties and but few of the right 

 sort, all because the nurseryman who originally supplied 

 the city used root-cuttings from the disagreeable kind. 



If such trees were raised from the seed, only about one 

 third would be desirable, and their character could be 

 determined only when they had reached such a size as to 

 produce fruit, when it would be too late to transplant 

 them. Fruit-trees, when raised from the seed, have to be 

 grafted with the desired variety in order to secure good 

 fruit when they reach the bearing age. 



