150 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 



GENUS 86. OSTBYA. 



Slender trees with very hard wood, brownish, furrowed 

 bark, and deciduous, alternate, simple, exstipulate, straight- 

 veined leaves. Flowers incon- 

 spicuous, in catkins. Fruit hop- 

 like in appearance, at the ends of 

 side shoots of the season, hang- 

 ing on through the autumn. 



1. Ostrya Virginica, Willd. (IRON- 

 WOOD. AMERICAN HOP -HORNBEAM.) 

 Leaves oblong -ovate, taper -pointed, 

 very sharply doubly serrate, downy be- 

 neath, with 11 to 15 straight veins on 

 each side of the midrib ; buds acute. 

 The hop-like fruit 2 to 3 times as long 

 O. Virgfnica. &g wide . ful] grQwn ftnd pendulous> : to 



3 in . long, in August, when it adds 

 greatly to the beauty of the tree. A 

 small, rather slender tree, 30 to 50 ft. 

 high, with the bark on old trees some- 

 what furrowed; wood white and very 

 hard and heavy ; common in rich woods, 

 and occasionally cultivated. 



2. 6strya vulgaris, Willd. (EURO- 

 PEAN HOP-HORNBEAM.) This species 

 from Europe is much like the American 

 one, but has longer, more slender, more 

 pendulous fruit-clusters. Occasionally 

 cultivated. 



O. vulgaris. 



GENUS 87. CABPINUS. 



Trees or tall shrubs with alternate, simple, straight- 

 veined leaves, and smooth and close gray bark. Flowers 

 in drooping catkins, the sterile flowers in dense cylindric 

 ones, and the fertile flowers in a loose terminal one form- 

 ing an elongated, leafy-bracted cluster with many, sev- 

 eral-grooved, small nuts, hanging on the tree till late in 

 the autumn. 



