54 NATURAL HISTORY CALENDAR. 
NATURAL HISTORY CALENDAR. 
ORNITHOLOGICAL CALENDAR FoR Marcu.—In this Calendar we have 
endeavored to indicate the average time of the arrival and departure 
of the migratory birds in the State of Massachusetts for this month; 
States, reach Washington, D. C., in their northward migration three 
we i 
two weeks, and Southern New York nearly one week earlier; while 
the same species commonly reach the middle of Maine some ten to 
twelve tee later than they do Massachusetts. 
Ist to 10th.—Blue Birds, Song Sparrows, Robins, Purple Grakles, 
pero tint Black Birds Rü Grakles and Cow Birds,begin to arrive. 
10th to 20th.—The preceding become more common. Meadow 
Larks, Bridge Pewees or Phæbes, Snow Birds and Pu inches, 
begin to arrive; the Hawks that in winter are represented by but fi 
individu as the Marsh, Red-tailed, Red- shouldered, etc., increase 
in number by arrivals from the South. The Goshawks, Snowy Owls 
and ne oe visitors of the raptorial tribes mostly retire 
northw: 
20th = re —AIl those previously arrived receive new accessions 
to their numbers, and become generally distributed. Grass Finches, 
Mourning or Carolina Turtle Doves, Passenger Pigeons (of late, uncer- 
tain visitors), and the Fox-colored $ ws arrive; the Black Duck 
(Anas obscura), Canada and Brant Geese, Goosanders or Sheldrakes, 
Whistle-wings or Golden-eyes, Wood and Pintail Ducks, Red-breasted 
e 
the sea-fowl that are winter visitors, as the Eider Duck, Double- 
crested Cormorant, Skuas or Jager Gulls, Black-backed and Laughing 
Guillemots, return northwards; other kinds, as the Red- 
Cany itera Ruddy, Surf Ducks, Bestia, King, Eiders, Kitti- 
and such rare land birds as the Pine Grosbeak, White-winged Cross- 
bill, the Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus) and Les- 
ser Redpoll, leave for the north, as do also many of the Butcher Birds. 
Such early breeding species as some of the Hawks and Owls pair 
during this month; some, as the White-headed- m Dik Hawk 
