566 WYMAN ON THE SHELL-HEAPS 
ralis); and also the following, for which there are no “ 
common names: Nassa obsoleta, Natica triseriata, and 
_ Macoma fusca. The following land snails were also met 
with: Helix albolabris, Sayii, alternata, lineata, striatella, 
indentata, multidentata, Zua lubricoides, and Succinea 
Totteniana.” 
“The heaps were almost entirely composed of the shells 
of the common clam, which appeared longer and rougher 
in texture than that now dug near by. In some of the 
heaps the shells of the quahog were abundant, and 
marked for their size and solidity. This species, though 
no longer found in the same cove with the heaps, may 
be had in the neighborhood of Goose Island, but locali- 
ties in which it lives are quite rare north of Cape Cod. 
The common mussel, whelk, cockle, and scallop, were 
probably used as food, while the other species were 
doubtless carried there by accident. The presence of so 
many species of land snails would seem to indicate that 
the island was once covered with hard-wood trees, among 
which these animals alone flourish. The occurrence of 
the little snail, Zua lubricoides, is inconsistent with the 
view that it is an introduced species.” 
The shells were deposited in two different layers, very 
much as on the island in Frenchman’s Bay already de- 
scribed. The older was separated from the more recent 
- deposit by a thin stratum of earth, extending through the 
largest portion of the heaps. Pieces of charcoal were 
medetneod everywhere among the shells, but in some places 
the larger quantity and the blackened earth showed where 
fires lud been made. The number of the fragments of the 
bones of edible animals was quite large, belonging to no less 
- than fifteen species. Besides ieoi many bones of other 
~ Species, bone implements (Pl. 14, figs. 1, 2; Pl. 15, figs. 
