672 REVIEWS. 
URALIST, we would say that the terms used in describing 
the different species are explained and illustrated in the 
April number, and that a general account of their habits 
and anatomy may be found in the March number., 
REVIEWS. 
THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE AND MED- 
ICAL JURISPRUDENCE. Edited by William A. Hammond, M. D. Vol. 
I. Nos. 1,2. July, October, 1867. Quarterly, 8vo. A. Sampson & 
Co., New York. 
Our notice of this journal, which fills an important gap in medical 
literature, has been long delayed. It will also interest many of our 
gh S it t bears on those subjects in which all naturalists, espe- 
cially p o most interested. The three leading articles 
are sion H Editor. The article On Instinct, its Nature 
and Seat, gives an aa summary of the views of various writers 
on a subject on which much has been written without reaching satis- 
factory results. 
The author's views may be summarized thus: Animals perform 
three sets of actions; Ist, reflex, such as eating, breathing, peti 
tion. “The new-born child does not breathe because of a ‘natural 
blind impulse’ to do so, but because the placental connection mi its 
mother, by which its blood was oxygenated, having been severed, and 
the stimulus of atmospheric air having been applied to its skin, an 
impression is conveyed to the nervous centres, it is reflected to the 
respiratory muscles, and breathing takes place.” This is a reflex 
action of the nervous system. It is not instinctive or an act of the 
reason. 2d, instinctive, which are “‘the result of impressions received 
from within.” ‘Instinct is that innate faculty which organic beings 
_ possess, by which they are enabled or impelled to perform acts Mii 
Oout being prompted by the intellectual powers, and even in direc 
opposition thereto.” Dr. Hammond, from whom we have quo ne 
farther states that “instinctive acts are not the result of instruction 
- " experience. This is one of the most prominent points wherein the 
om those which are the result of intelli- 
rational. These are, as the author states, of 
