176 
six-inth focus on a camera two sizes larger 
than the plate for which the lens was listed to 
cover.’ His methods were to use the lens with 
both combinations in place for copying and 
commerical work, and the back lens alone, 
which had a focal length of about twelve 
inches, for landscape and general pictorial 
purposes. When using alone either combina- 
tion of a double lens, the length of focus of the 
single combination is greater than when both 
combinations are used together; with the rapid 
rectilinear and most anastigmats, the focus of 
the single is twice the focal length of the double 
combination. And with the triple convertible 
lens, the focal length of the back lens is a little 
less, of the front lens a little more, than twice 
the focal length of the double. The above 
methods of working are not the best. They 
are recommended to the amateur who can 
afford but one lens, so he can get the most out 
of his investment. | 
While we, personally, prefer the hand camera 
for instantaneous work, we can offer no reason- 
able objection to the regular view camera being 
used for the same purpose. The short focus 
lens will not now be as satisfactory. The 
single combination may be too slow. A recti- 
linear or an anastigmat is recommended, and 
if it is at least one size larger than the lens 
listed to cover the plate used it will be the more 
satisfactory, as it usually is necessary to place 
the camera where it will be a considerable 
distance from the subjects, and by having a 
RECREATION 
larger and longer focus lens, the image of the 
subjects will be larger on the plate. 
For general work with a view camera, we 
prefer a behind-the-lens shutter, with tubing 
and bulb attachment, as it will be sufficient for 
any number of lenses that there may be occasion 
to use. If we were to do instantaneous work 
with a camera of this type, we would prefer a 
focal plane shutter fitted to an extra back, which 
can be put aside when its use is not required. 
A good tripod is also essential. Even though 
the hand camera is used exclusively, there are 
occasions when a tripod is needed. It should 
not be a featherweight affair but sufficiently 
heavy and rigid to support the camera in a 
stiff breeze without trembling. 
Gaslight Printing Dodges 
Papers like velox, cyco and others, which can 
be printed by electric, gas and lamp light and 
developed without fogging three feet from the 
flame of a half-inch oil-wick, are very popular 
with the amateur. These papers can be ob- 
tained in two grades: one for contrasty, the 
other for soft negatives. They are of various 
surfaces: rough, smooth, matte, semi-gloss and 
glossy; and with proper treatment they will 
yield prints that few others can equal. It is 
not our purpose to pad our limited space by 
repeating the ample instructions which are en- 
closed with every package of these papers, but 
rather to suggest how troubles arising from 

Copyright 1905, by E. E. Bowman 
“YM FROM PETOSKEY, MICH. WHERE DID YOU COME FROM?” 
