133 



tea-plantations which have been deserted on account of the 

 soil being exhausted. It also occurs and frequently in large 

 numbers ') on young lahars (mudstreams rapidly descending 

 or having descended from a volcano). It is reproduced by 

 its small drupes which are sought after i.a. by birds. 

 Zwarte Hoek. 



Moraceae. 



16 Ficus fistulosa Reinw. 



Small tree with either axillary, rameal or cauline figs, 

 spread throughout Java from the plains up to an altitude 

 of 2100 m., especially above 500 m. The tree cannot with- 

 stand a long drought; hence it mainly occurs in regions 

 where the east-monsoon is feeble; elsewhere it is restricted 

 to watersides and depressions of the soil. It requires no 

 fertile soil and likes a not too dark habitat; it grows by 

 preference on forest-borders, on ravine-sides, in grass-jungles, 

 in thickets and young secondary forests, in which it may be 

 one of the most common species. It is also found in light 

 forests (teak-forests, exceptionally also in Casuarina-forests), 

 but in dark primeval forests it is absent or almost so. 

 Zwarte Hoek. 



17. hicus tulva Reinw. 



Small tree with axillary figs -), spread throughout Java 

 but almost exclusively in regions where the east-monsoon 



') [his species is very often confounded with Parasponia porviflora Miq., which 

 deceivingly resembles it and bears the same vernaculc-r names (Anggring, Angcjrung, 

 Kuraj), but may be easily distinguished by the connate stipules and the broadly 

 imbricate segments of the perianth. As a synonym of Parasponia Miquel (Plant. 

 |ungh. p. 69) and | u n g h u h n (|ava, 2nd Dutch Edition I, 549; German Edition I, 

 400) cite Ce/tis montana /ungh., but an authentlcal specimen of this last species 

 preserved In the Buitenzorg Herbarium is Trema orientals Bl. [Cf. Smith in 

 Koorders and V a I e t o n, Biidrage No. 12 tot de Kennis der Boomsoorten van 

 lava (1909) p. 664 1 Like Smith I think it quite likely that lunghuhn has 

 confounded the 2 species. Hence it is possible that the gregariously growing Anggring 

 found by (unghuhn in Sept. 1846 on the lahars of Gunung Kelut | See )ava, 2nd 

 Dutch Edition I, 550; III, 679, 692; German Edition I, 400; II, 471, 480), and named by 

 him Parasponia parviflora was, as a matter of fact, Trema orientate. On the same 

 volcano Dr. Ph. van Harreveld saw in 1921 this Trema growing gregariously 

 on a lahar which had flown down but two years before. I o the same species may 

 belong the tree mentioned by lunghuhn in the second Dutch Edition of |ava 

 (II, 158) as Ce/f/s, in the German edition (II, 116) as Parasponia, which he saw in 

 August 1837 in immense numbers on the hills and ridges of the gigantic lahar 

 which had flown from M. Galunggung in Oct. 1822. 



2 ) By some mistake Ernst (Neue Flora Vulkaninsel Krakatao (1907) p. 31) records 

 this species among the trees which ,,ihre Bliiten und Friichte gleich zahlreichen anderen 

 j.Tropenbaumen nicht an den jiingsten Zweigen sondern am Stamm und den alteren 

 ,,Asten bilden". Of the 6 species of Ficus found in or before 190C on the islands 

 of the Krakatao-group only F. hispida is always cauliflorous and F- fistulosa often so- 



