168 



island for which a comparison of the vegetation in 1897 with that 

 in 1906 is, to some extent, possible, viz. the littoral plain at Zwarte 

 Hoek, unhappily one of the least important parts of the island, as it 

 is certain that this plain did not exist before the eruption. And not 

 even this comparison can be safely made, as P e n z i g did not 

 mention the habitat of most of his finds. The older parts of 

 the beach may during his excursion already have borne several 

 halophobous non-littoral species. But only for one species, Saccharum 

 spontancum L. this is out of doubt. Of the rest we know nothing. 



Restricting ourselves to littoral species and halophytes we 

 find that Penzig found at Zwarte Hoek 18 of these (See 

 the list on pp. 90 seq.). In 1906 all these plants were found back 

 by Ernst; moreover the following 8 littoral or halophilous species 

 were collected: Pithecolobium umbel/atum Bth. (20) 1 ), Sophora 

 tomentosa L. (21), Desmodium umbcllatum D.C. (22),- Dem's 

 heterophylla Backer (23), - Erythrina \aricgata L. var. orientalis Merr. 

 (24), - Dodonaea viscosa /acq. ( 28), Calophy/lum inophyllum L. (30), 

 and Clerodcndron inerme Gartn. (37). Though fully admitting that 

 young specimens of some of these 8 species may have been 

 present in 1897 at Zwarte Hoek' 2 ) but were overlooked, I can 

 hardly believe that such has been the case with all of them, the 

 beach having been investigated by 4 botanists and a very able 

 native collector. Therefore 1 think we may take for granted that the 

 beach at Zwarte Hoek was in 1906 richer in species than in 1897. 

 But from this may by no means be concluded that it has been 

 proven that the littoral flora of Krakatao, as a whole, had grown 

 richer. From a comparison of the finds at Zwarte Hoek with those 

 on the south-eastern beach it appears that in 1906 in the latter 

 locality 9 or 10 littoral plants were collected that had not been 

 found in the former, viz. Cycas rumphii Miq. (/) 3 ), Remirea maritima 

 Aubl. (7), ficrnandid peltata Meissn. (11), - Indigofera zo/lingeriana 

 Miq. (13), Pong am ia pinnata Merr. (15), Xy/ocarpus granatum Koen. 

 (79), Ipomoea denticulate Choi's. (27), lpomoea long/flora R. Br. (28) 

 and Guettarda speciosa L. (34). To this list should perhaps be added 

 Tournefortia argentea L. fil. (30), which I myself did not see but 



') The numbers between brackets refer to list A herebefore, 



2 ) Young specimens of Calophyllum inophyllum L. and of a species of Erythrina 

 were already found by Treub in 1886. Evidently these seedlings did not grow up 

 into adult trees, else Penzig could not possibly have overlooked them. I refer once 

 more to what I said on page 44 about the dangers to which young seedlings on the 

 beach are exposed. 



3 ) The numbers between brackets refer to list B herebefore. 



