187 



Fransen Herderschee. The officials of the Topograpical Survey 

 Service having found for the lower part of the path a better course 

 we were able to reach the camping-place from the south-eastern 

 point of the island within an hour. From there we continued our way 

 as far as the end of the path made the previous day; it was as yet 

 impossible to go further. 



The littoral vegetation ') and the C<3si/c3/-/;)<3-forest had quite the 

 same aspect as two years before (See p. 152, seq.), therefore I 

 shall refrain from describing them. The tallest Casuarina had roughly 

 measured a height of 35 m. The coco-palm grove (See p. 177, No. 1 1) 

 was still present and had much the same appearance as in 1906. Behind 

 the littoral vegetation here and there a very narrow strip of mixed 

 forest was lying, consisting of 515 m. high specimens of Ficus 

 fistulosa Reinw., Ficus fulva Reinw,, Macaranga tanarius M. A., 

 Melochia umbellata Stapf and Pipturus incanus Wedcl., often partly 

 overgrown with Trichosanthes bracteata Voigt and CoJumel/a trifolia 

 A/err. Immediately behind this mixed forest or, wherever it was 

 absent, behind the littoral vegetation, the broad and very dense 

 girdle of Saccharum spontaneum L, began, which showed, however, 

 rather many scattered small hiatuses in which besides the 5 trees 

 named above (especially Pipturus incanus U/ec/c/.) a number of her- 

 baceous kremnophytes occurred, mostly in poor specimens viz. 

 Arundina speciosa Bl, which was rather numerous, Spathog/ottis 

 p/icata Bl. which occurred in scattered specimens and a few ferns 

 as Dryopteris unita O. K. and Dryopteris setigera O, K. On the 

 steep walls of eroded gullies Lycopodium cernuum L. was rather 

 frequent. 



The Sacch<srum-g\rd\e had a breadth of several hundreds of 

 meters. We traversed it rapidly because we wished to give as much 

 of our time as possible to the investigation of the forest in the 

 ravines above it. This in many places very dense forest consisted 

 in the ravines explored by us of very few species, often represented 

 by innumerable individuals, mainly of Ficus fistu/osa Reinw., which 

 reached in the lower ravines a height of 1015 m, in the heigher 

 ones of 15 20 m. Other components of the ravine-forests were 

 Macaranga tanarius M. A. (not rare), Ficus fulva Reinw., Ficus 

 toxicaria L., Homalanthus populnea O. K. (upwards of 200 m. here 



*) The only species found in 1908 on the beach which had not yet been found 

 in 1906 was Luffs cylindrica Roem. (1 specimen), a Cucurbitacea of which a small- 

 fruited wild form not seldom occurs on water-sides or on the beach. A form with 

 large fruits is often cultivated by the natives in the interior. 



