it is feeble, in thickets and secondary forests. The reproduc- 

 tion is effected by the seeds which are provided with a 

 rather soft fleshy black testa and an incomplete white 

 arillus. It seems that, sometimes at least, the seeds are sought 

 after by animals for I repeatedly saw seedlings growing in the 

 pouches formed by the persistent bases of the leaf-stalks of 

 oil-palms (E/aeis guineensis ]acq.) and gomuti-palms (Arenga 

 pinnata A/err.), rather high up in the trees. 



Orchidaceae. 



13. Ncrvi/ia aragoana Gaud. 



Small terrestrial orchid spread throughout Java between 

 30 and 1000 m. above sea-level, especially on periodically 

 dry heavy soils in shadowed localities, often in forests of 

 teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) and of the Javanese thorny bam- 

 boo (Bambusa spinosa BL), frequently growing gregariously. 

 The plant possesses in the soil a small tuber which sends 

 forth alternately, with periods of rest between, a broad leaf 

 and an inflorescence. It flowers in Java from September till 

 February. The reproduction is effected by seeds. 



A few stray leaf-bearing specimens in the lower parts of 

 the ravine-forest. 



14. Arundina speciosa B/. See p. 107. 



Not rare on the lower slopes, especially on open spots 

 in the vSacc/fcj/'um-vegetation, always in scattered specimens. 



/5. Pha/us tankervilliac B/. See p. 107. 



Here and there in the lighter parts of the ravine-forest 

 above 200 m. 



16 Spat/ioglottis plicata Bl. See p. 107. 



Scattered in the lower parts of the island in open spots 

 in the Saccharum-']urtQ\e. Above an altitude of 90 m. much 

 more numerous, clothing entire ravine-walls. 



Piperaceae. 



17. Heckeria umbellata Kth. var. subpeltata D. C (= Heckeria 

 subpeltata Willd). 



Robust herb, found in the western part of West-Java and in 

 many places in East-Java between 125 and 1000 m. above sea- 

 level in shadowed, constantly humid localities, especially in 

 ravines and along watercourses, locally often rather numerous. 



