227 



inundated during the flood. The four other halophytes (Excoecaria 

 agallocha L., Lumnitzera racemosa Willd., Paspalum vaginatum Swartz 

 (== P. distichum Auct.) and Sesuviutn portiilacastrum L.) are no genuine 

 beach-plants but mere inhabitants of a saline, clayey, humid or (in 

 the case of Paspalum) even inundated soil, irrespective of this being 

 found quite near the sea or not; all of them may be found in local- 

 ities far remote from the coast, they are no genuine beach-plants. 

 But Mr. Docters van Leeuwen apparently does not distinguish 

 between genuine littoral plants and halophytes. 



As to forest-plants, one wishes Mr. Docters van Leeuwen 

 had told what to understand by this popular term. There are 

 many kinds of forests in the tropics and in most forests several 

 oecological groups of plants may be distinguished. Among the 68 

 ,,forest-plants" ^) recorded in Appendix III (of which 22 were already 

 found at former excursions) there are 10 of which lie himself says 

 that they are no real forestplants. But why then were they inserted 

 in his list ? And what is the difference between a forest-plant which 

 is a real forest-plant and a forest-plant which is no? a real one ? In 

 my discussion of Appendix III I shall revert to this curious list. 



As to Vascular Cryptogams, after the necessary corrections have 

 been made -), the number found by Mr. Docters van Leeuwen 

 is reduced to 40 which number rises to 44 when the species found 

 on previous trips but not collected in April 1919 are included. This 

 is rather more than about double the number of those found in 1906. 

 For Ernst and his companions (See p. 145) found in 1906 not 

 more than 5 vascular Cryptogams, whilst the list of Ernst contain- 

 ing all previous finds, mentions but 14 species after the necessary 

 corrections have been made. Ernst did not find a single fern thing 

 as an epiphyte; .he expressly states: ,,An den Felsen sammeln wir auch 



Drynnria quercifolia /. Sm. (= Polypodium quercifolium L.), einen 



der wenigen Epiphyten der Barringtoniawalder, der hier aber, ahnlich 

 wie in der Umgebung der Solfataren und Krater der Vulkane Javas, in 

 Felsspalten wa'chst" ;! ). But Ernst did not reach the wooded ravines 

 in which in April 1919 most of the epiphytes were found. 



') The Dutch text says 69 species, but Appendix I to the Dutch text records only 

 68 species. 



-) Dryvpteris ca/carata O.K. (See p. 56, No. 7); Dryopteris flaccida O.K. (See 

 p. 57, No. 8); Dryopteris vilis O.K. (being but a form of Dryopteris setigera O.K.); 

 Dryopteris setigera O.K. var. Backer! V. A. v. R. (differing not at ail from Dr. setigera 

 O.K.) and Nephrolepis tomentosa V. A. v. R (being but a form of N. exaltata Schott) 

 should be expunged from the list. Lycopodium cernuum L. and L. squarrosum Forst. 

 are in the Dutch text, recorded for the trips of 1919, in the English text of Appendix I not. 



:) ) See Ernst, Neue Flora Vulkaninsel Krakatau (1907), pp. 36, 37. For Drynaria 

 quercifolia L- see p. 113, No. 26. 



