Standard Fonmdas for Application. 



Product. 



Use. 



Quantity. 



Whale-oil or fish-oil soap, 

 Laundry soap, . 

 Rosin fish-oil soap, . 



Summer spray against plant lice, . 



Summer spray against plant lice, . 



Plants having waxy and smooth foliage 

 (cabbages, etc. ) . Used with arsenical. 



1 pound to 6 to 8 gallons 

 water. 



1 pound to 2 to 4 gallons 

 water. 



3 to 4 pounds per 50 gal- 

 lons of spray. 



Except for plants having smooth, waxy fohage, soaps should not be 

 mixed with either Bordeaux mixture or arsenicals. In the one case "cal- 

 cium soaps" are produced, which are insoluble and clog the spraying 

 machinery; and in the other, soluble arsenic is formed, which burns the 

 foliage. 



(2) Sid fur Compotmds. 



These products are of value both as contact insecticides and fungicides. 

 A number of brands appear on the market, which usually fall in one of 

 two groups, — namely, lime-sulfur concentrate, in which the sulfur is 

 carried in solution, and dry lime-sulfur, prepared as a dry powder, but 

 applied as a spray. 



Form of Guaranlij, Lime-s\dfur Concentrate. — The guaranty of this 

 product is usually stated in terms of degrees Baume, the usual strength 

 being 33°, with about 25 per cent sulfur in solution. This statement indi- 

 cates the strength of the concentrate, a low degree Baume showing a 

 weaker solution with a smaller amount of soluble sulfur, whereas a high 

 test expressed in degrees Baume shows more soluble materials. It is the 

 soluble sulfur which is considered to have effect against insects, notably 

 San Jos6 scale. This material, as well as other similar materials, also con- 

 tains free sulfur, of practically no value as an insecticide, but of consider- 

 able value as a fungicide. 



Form of Guarantij, Dry Lime-sidfur. — Dry lime-sulfur is usually 

 guaranteed about as follows: — 



100.00 



The calcium polj'sulfide and calcium thiosulfate together represent the 

 soluble sulfur compounds, and are about the equivalent of 50 per cent 

 soluble sulfur. This fact is of importance in estimating the amount of this 

 product needed as compared to the lime-sulfur concentrate. 



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