was proved in this case. The plot sprayed with liquid lime-sulfur throughout the 

 spraying season beginning with the pink appUcation produced a slightly smaller 

 percentage of scabby apples than did the plot which received Bordeaux mixture at 

 the prepink and pink applications followed by liquid lime-sulfur for the calyx and 

 fourth summer spray. 



We have no evidence at either of these orchards that Bordeaux mixture is pref- 

 erable to lime-sulfur for the prepink and pink applications. The labor involved 

 in preparing Bordeaux mixture is sufficient to swing the scale against it in the 

 absence of more evidence in its favor. 



Dr. 0. R. Butler states (in correspondence) that in his experiments in New 

 Hampshire in 1922 where a spray schedule of Hme-sulfur alone was followed, there 

 was 67.5 per cent scabby fruit; while the substitution of Bordeaux mixture for 

 the pink apphcation reduced the amount to 49.2 per cent. Ki'out (2) reports 

 that in the Sabine orchard in 1922 the substitution of Bordeaux mixture for lime- 

 suLfur at the pink apphcation did not reduce the percentage of scabby fruit, as 

 compared with results following the use of lime-suKur alone; in fact, in the case 

 of both dry and liquid hme-sulfur, when Bordeaux mixture was substituted there 

 was a larger percentage of scab. At the Knights and the Frost orchards, how- 

 ever, there was a sUght decrease in the amount of scab when Bordeaux mixture 

 was substituted for the pink apphcation; in the case of Uquid lime-sulfur this 

 decrease was from 4 to 2 per cent in one orchard and 2 to per cent in another, 

 and in the case of dry hme-sulfur the decrease was from 8 to 3 per cent in one 

 orchard and 2 to 1 per cent in another. We may conclude that although Bordeaux 

 mixture under some conditions may prove shghtly superior to hme-sulfur for the 

 pink spray, there is, nevertheless, abundant evidence of the completely satis- 

 factorj' control of apple scab by hme-sulfur throughout the spraying season; and 

 it does not appear, therefore, that we have sufficient reason to devote extra labor 

 to the preparation of Bordeaux mixture. 



Atomic Sulphur. 



The proprietary sulfur fungicide. Atomic Sulphur, was used in two orchards 

 with a view to comparing it with lime-sulfur for its fungicidal efficiencj^ and its 

 toxicity to the sprayed tree. Enough of this material to make 100 gallons costs 

 more than three times as much as the liquid hme-sulfur necessary to make an 

 equal amount. Atomic Sulphur, therefore, needs to show very decided advantages 

 over lime-sulfur if it is to compete with it in the spraying of apples. 



There was this year no injury to fruit or foliage on trees sprayed with Ume- 

 sulfur or with Atomic Sulphur. It was, therefore, impossible to compare them as 

 regards toxicity to the spraj^ed tree. 



Mason (16) found that when apple trees were sprayed with a combination 

 Atomic Sulphur-hme-lead arsenate spray, the fohage was uninjured, while under 

 the same chmatic conditions, foliage and fruit were burned by the hme-sulfur-lead 

 arsenate combination. 



Atomic Sulphur was used by the WTiter at the rate of 7 pounds to 50 gallons 

 of water, and when it was used in combination with arsenate of lead, 4 pounds of 

 lime slaked into a milk were added to each 50 gallons, as directed by the manu- 

 facturers. At one of the orchards, the results were as follows: Atomic Sulphur, 

 4.2 per cent scabby fruit; hquid hme-suKur 2.1 per cent scabby fruit; dry hme- 

 sulfur 4-50, 1.03 per cent scabby fruit. At this orchard, the control secured by 

 Atomic Sulphur was somewhat surpassed by both dry hme-sulfur and hquid hme- 

 sulfur. At the other orchard, the percentages of scabby fruit were as follows : Atomic 

 Sulphur, 3.9 per cent; dry hme-sulfur 3-50, 4.6 per cent. At this orchard also, 

 the results with the two materials are very nearly ahke. 



If Atomic Sulphur has any advantages over hme-sulfur, they are not to be found 

 in relative efficiency in scab control, but rather in degrees of difference in toxicity 

 to the sprayed plant. Apple orchards in which peaches are planted as fillers are 

 sometimes sprayed with Atomic Sulphur because of the known danger to peaches 

 in leaf from the use of commercial lime-sulfur. When this is done, we may be 

 sure that the apples have received treatment with a fungicide which can protect 

 them against scab infection. 



