
THE FAUNA OF MONTANA TERRITORY. 83 
mountains as it does farther south. I do not recollect, how- 
ever, having seen any of the small waders anywhere in the 
mountains, though I noticed the Field Plover (Actiturus Bar- 
tramius) at the eastern base of Mullan's Pass, a bird never 
yet obtained west of the mountains.* 
Winsow's Snipe (Scolopax Wilsonii) was seen at Cama, 
Prairie Creek, on the eastern border of the Columbia Plains, 
about the end of September. 
Esqumaux CurLew (Numenius borealis) breeds near 
Fort Benton, where young were caught in July, still downy, 
but I have seen no Curlew on the Columbia Plains, though a 
species is said to abound near Fort Dalles, Oregon, in the 
spring. 
Swan (Oygnus Americanus?). Swans were seen in large 
flocks on the Columbia River, in the Cascade Cañon, as early 
as October 29th, this year (1860), and their migration 
- southward seemed generally early. I saw them, however, 
on lakes of the Columbia Plain about the same time in 
1853 
Canapa Goose (Bernicla Canadensis). Great numbers 
of this goose breed along the Missouri, where we saw broods 
every day from Fort Leavenworth up to Fort Benton. 
They are said to lay in nests, on trees, probably deserted 
nests of some other large bird. I saw two at Spokan River, 
Washington Territory, September 25th, which were proba- 
bly summer residents there. 
Marramp (Anas boschas). Common in summer in the 
valleys of the Rocky Mountains, where it breeds. 
GrEEN-wincep Tear (JVettion Carolinensis). Common at 
St. Mary’s Valley in August, and probably breeds in the 
mountains, 
: Mountains GonpEN-EYE (Bucephala Islandica?). 
I saw some dark headed ducks, perhaps this species, which 
was so long supposed to be peculiar to the Rocky Mountains, 

lo peo (Gambetta melanoleuca) were obtained by Dr. Suckley at St. Mary's Val- 
; in 1853. : 
