

PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES. 439 
vigorous shoots; for instance Pinus inops, P. pungens, P. mitis, P. rigida, 
and some oaks. In these cases the first wave was the most vigorous, the 
last the weakest, but the female flowers are not on the apex of the shoot, 
b he apex of the most vigorous wave. The Cyp eraen afforded simi- 
lar illustrations. Vigor is only one form of high vitality. Power o 
endurance is another. The Norway spruces, and ae species gener- 
ally which were the hardiest individually, or in comparison with other 
species, had greater powers to produce female flowers. Not so easily seen, 
ut yet evident was the law in hermaphrodites as in moneecious plants. 
In many hermaphrodites there was known a tendency to become unisexual, 
sometimes in the male, sometimes, in the female direction, A general 
Viola, Fragaria, and other instances were given in favor of the latter 
t 
Was, not to establish the theory, but to excite investigation whether 
it was not the highest types of vitality only which take on the femal pole 
He concluded with the bare suggestion that the same laws might pre 
in the animal world. 
He also read a paper *On the Nature of the Leaf-glands in Cassia and 
Acacia.” Dr. Asa Gray says in the fifth edition of the ** Manual" that 
is true only of the upper leaves. In the lower the ME varies 
ed bran 
wing shoot. In another allied genus, Gymnocladus, two or three buds 
are formed one above another, very few of which ever push at all, but 
When this does take place, it is only the upper bud which forms a shoot. 
The lower bud is generally about the centre of the dilated base of the 
petiole. Thus we have a sitet of allied plants, with two or three buds 
One above another, in some cases two inclined to push freely, although 
One as a spine (as in Gli) the lower as the shoot; in another, as 
in Gymno nocladus, ARARA pushi t all, and rather absorbed by the t 
but when pushin g at all, the pie one, and on the other side of Gledi 
chia, Cassia, Acacia, etc., with the lower bud absorbed by the petiole, d 
a 
- H. DALL read a paper “On the piron of the native tribes of 
Alaska, and ils adjacent territory." After reviewing the works of Baer, 
Wrangell and Holmberg, Mr. Dall Sut a new classification, the re- 
Vision n being based on new ulm obtained during personal explo- 
ration by himself and his com p 
North American natives are dil into two great groups, In- 
and, another for which there being no general term, he proposed 

