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THE LINGERING ADMIRERS OF PHRENOLOGY. 593 
the cerebellum is connecting with a psychical faculty, what- 
ever that might be, but its totally different source of origin 
is clearly opposed to such a notion; and we are not left 
merely to speculate on the subject, for both disease in the 
human subject, and experiment on animals, teach us that 
When the cerebellum is destroyed, the power of combining 
movements so as to regulate and guide them is lost, the 
limbs being still capable of being moved, but walking and 
handling being impossible. Thus it is certain that the fune- 
tion of the cerebellum is totally different from what the 
phrenologists hold it to be. 
Examining the cerebral hemispheres in different animals, 
and proceeding from the lower to the higher forms, a pro- 
gress in development is found, similar to the progress made 
in embryonic life. Thus in fishes they are represented by 
very small parts in the fore part of the ‘brain; in birds they 
have not extended sufficiently backwards to be in contact 
With the cerebellum, and their bulk is due almost entirely 
to the corpora striata; in rodent animals their surface is 
smooth; and, as one passes to the higher groups of mam- 
mals, more and more complicated convolutions. of the sur- 
face are met with; while in man by far the greatest com- 
plexity is found. 
Whatever the particular cerebral changes may be which 
accompany and are necessary for thought, there can be no 
question that they occur in the gray matter, and that the 
white matter is only useful by bringing the different parts of 
the gray matter into communication one with another, an 
end which it accomplishes very thoroughly by its complicated 
commissures and countless bundles of fibres taking all direc- 
tions. Judging, then, from comparative anatomy, and even 
on phrenological principles, one would expect that, among 
men, the greater the amount of gray matter of a given qual- 
: ity the more effective would the hemisphere be for the 



exercise of the mental faculties; and this, there is good 
. reason to consider, is to some extent actually the case. But 
AMER. NATURALIST, VOL. III. 75 
