1890.] Geography and Travel. : 265 
tending into the interior, Italy has not been forgotten, Her terri- 
tory around Massowah has been extended to 18.2 N. Lat., while it 
stretches southward to the southern boundary of Baliata, and thus 
contains 200,000 inhabitants. he Habab, Beni Amer, and other 
tribes are also said to have recently recognized the Italian protectorate. 
On the Somali coast her protectorate extends from the Zanzibar 
district of Warshekh in 2.30 N. Lat., to Wadi Nogal in 8.3 N. Lat. 
It is also said that the Sultan of the Midjertin-Somal, whose territory 
reaches from Ras Hafim, has. placed the northern part of his dominions 
under the protection of Italy. 
Lake Rudolph.—Von Hohnel, arguing from the accounts given 
by Sr. Borelli and Count Teleki, considers it provable that the River 
Omo of the former falls into Lake Rudolph, discovered by the latter. 
Lake Rudolph extends from 2.16 to 4.47 N. Lat., and has an area 
of about 3050 square miles. It is surrounded by a flat desert country, 
but towards the north the level varies, and at this end enter two per- 
ennial streams, the Bass and the Niam-niam. The Niam-niam is 
about too yards wide in its lower course, and has a slight current, 
while the Bass, the lower course of which is parallel to the former 
river, has a width of about a mile and a quarter, but is shallow, and 
has no perceptible current. At the southern end of the lake two 
streams also enter, but these are dry save in the wet season. Their 
names are the Irrquell and Kecio. The lake has no outlet, and it is 
the Niam-niam which is believed to be Borelli’s Omo. The descrip- 
tion given by Borelli of Lake Shambara, into which he traced the 
Omo, does not accord with Lake Rudolph, but Lake Shambara is said 
to have an outlet, and Von Hohnen believes that the Omo flows 
through it into Lake Rudolph or Basso Narok. A few miles north- 
east of Lake Rudolph is a smaller lake, one-eighth the size of the 
former, and known as Basso Ebor or Lake Sancepcare This also has 
no outlet, and is rapidly drying up. 
In the Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft fir Erdkunte (Berlin), Paul 
Reichard gives a long account of the Wanyamwezi of the plateau east 
of Tanganyika, their physical characters, customs, and modes of life. 
The French geographers are greatly elated that at last, after most 
of the difficulties of the way have been surmounted by others, a French 
traveler, M. Trivier, has crossed the African continent, passing up the 
Congo by Stanley Pool and Tippoo-Tib’s quarters, and debouch- 
ing at Mozambique. The editor of the Revue Géographique, in re- 
counting the details of the trip, has some remarks to make respecting 
