
1890.] History of Garden Vegetables. 315 
Pot marigold is called, in France, sonci des jardins; in Ger- 
many, ringelblume ;® in Holland, goudbloem ; in Italy and Spain, 
calendula; in Russia, nogotki;" in Arabia, zobejbe; by the 
Greeks at Constantinople, chamobuoreta ; in Hindustani, gul-ti- 
mariyam, phirki, genda; in Bengali, genda phul; in Burma, 
htat-ta-ya; at Lahore, adsrioon ; in Japan, kin-sen-kwa." 
POTATO. Solanum tuberosum L. 
The varieties of the potato are now innumerable, and while of 
several distinct types of form and color, are all supposed to have 
been derived from a common wild progenitor. It is interesting to 
observe, therefore, that varieties were under culture in South 
America even before the discovery. Ina vocabulary of a now 
extinct tribe, the Chibcha, who once occupied the region about 
the present Bogota, ten different varieties are identified, one of 
which, “black inside,” has not as yet appeared in modern culture." 
At the present time Vilmorin’ makes an extremely artificial 
classification, as follows: I, the round yellow varieties; 2, 
the long yellow varieties; 3, the variegated long yellow 
varieties; 4, the round red varieties; 5, the flat pink or red 
varieties; 6, the smooth long red varieties; 7, the notched 
long red varieties; 8, the violet colored and variegated varieties. 
The yellow and red varieties are mentioned by Bauhin * in 1596, 
“fusci vel atrorubentis,” or literally, the tawny and the purple. 
In 1726 Townsend ” mentions the white and the red in England, as 
does Bryant § in 1783. In 1785, Varlo 19 describes nine sorts, the 
white round, the red round, the large Irish white smooth, the 
10 Vilmorin. Les Pl. Pot., 551. 
11 McIntosh. Book of the Gard., II., 240. 
12 Forskal. Fl. Æg. Arab., CXX., XXXIII. 
13 Pickering. Ch. Hist., 550. 
14 Gramatica Vocabulario . . de la Lingua Chibcha, for 
in Gard. Chron., Dec. 4, 1886, 720. 
15 Vilmorin. The Veg. Gard., 1885, 443- 
16 Bauhin. Phytopin., 1596, 30I. 
17 Townsend. Seedsman, 1726, 23. 
18 Bryant. Fl. Diet., 1783, I5. 
19 Varlo. Husbandry, 1785, II., 97- 
Don E. Urichoeehea, quoted 
