324 The American Naturalist. [April, 
gardens. They seem to have been the principal kind in northern 
Europe a few centuries later, and are said by Lyte” in 1586 to 
be the common radish of England. In 1790 Loureiro™ de- 
scribes them as cultivated in China and Cochin China, and they 
seem to be the form described by Kaempfer ® in Japan, in 1712. 
The radishes figured by the early botanists enable us to connect 
very closely with modern varieties. 
a. 
Raphanus longus. Trag., 1552, 732. 
Raphanus. Matth., 1558, 241; 1570, 332. 
Raphanus sive radix. Pin., 1561, 14 a 
Raphanus magnus. Lob. Obs., 1576, 99; ic., 1591, I., 201. 
Raphanus alba. Cam. Epit., 1586, 223. 
Raphanus sativus Matthiol. Lugd., 1587, 635. 
Raphanus sive radicula sativa. Dod., 1616, 676. 
White Strasbourg. Vilm., 1885, 494 
(2. 
Raphanus If. Matth., 1570, 332; 1598, 349. 
Raphanus secundus Matthiol. Lugd., 1587, 635. 
Laon long gray Winter. Vilm., 1885, 496. 
TA : 
Raphanus. Matth., 1558, 241; 1570, 332. 
Raphanus sive radix.» Pin., 1561, 145. 
Raphanus sativus matthiolus. Lugd., 1587, 635. 
Radice. Cast. Dur., 1617, 383. 
White Spanish Winter. Vilm., 1885, 497. 
Raphanus sativus. Garden Radish. Ger., 1597, 183. 
Large White Russian. Vilm., 1885, 497. 
Raphanus niger vulgaris A. P. DC. 
This radish does not seem to have been mentioned by the 
ancients. In 1586 Lyte says, The radish with a black root has 
8i Lyte. Dodoens, 1586, 687. 
82 Loureiro, Fl, Cochin Ch.; 1790, 396. 
8 Kaempfer. Amoen., 1712, 822. 

