1890.] History of Garden Vegetables. 325 
of late years been brought into England, and now beginnith to 
be common, 
Raphanus nigra. Cam. epit., 1586, 223. 
Raphanus sive radicula sativa nigra. Dod., 1616, 676. 
Raffano longo. Cast. Dur., 1617, ap. 
Long-rooted Black Spanish. Bryant, 1783, 40. 
Long Black Spanish Winter. Vilm., 1885, 499. 
Raphanus niger rotundus A. P. DC. 
This is a turnip-rooted or round form of a black radish, 
usually included among winter sorts. 
Raphanus pyriformis. Ger., 1597, 184. 
Raphanus I. Matth., 1598, 349. 
Large Purple Winter. Vilm., 1885, 495. 
There is another form of black radish figured in the early 
botanies, of quite a distinct appearance. It answers suggestively 
to the description by Vilmorin of the Radis de Mahon, a long 
red radish, exceedingly distinct, growing in part above ground, 
and peculiar to some districts in southern France and to the 
Balearic isles. I connect it with diffidence with the following: 
Raphanus niger. Lob. ic., 1591, I., 202. 
Radice selvatica. Cast. Dur., 1617, 384. 
Raphanus niger. Bod., 1644, 770. 
Radis de Mahon. Vilm., 1885, 499. 
Theophrastus mentions the Corinthian sort as having full foli- 
age, and the root, unlike other radishes, growing partly out of the 
earth, but the Long Normandy answers to this description as 
well as the Mahon. 
The radish was known to Turner“ in England in 1536 under 
the name of radyce. It was noted in Mexico in the sixteenth 
century by Peter Martyr,” by Benzoni% in Hayti in 1565, and 
was under cultivation in Massachusetts about 1629.” 
s Turner. Libellus, 1537. 
% Peter Martyr. Eden’s Hist. of Trav., 1577. 
8 Benzoni, Hist. of the New World. Smyth Trans., 1857. 
8 Wood. New Eng. Prosp., 1st Ed., II. 
87 Vilmorin. Les Pl. Pot., 518. 
