1890.] Zoology. | 375 
to that of Australia are : The Olighcozetous fauna of New Zealand differs 
markedly from that of Australia, in which the characteristsc genera, 
represented by numerous species, are Megascolides, Pericheta, and 
Cryptodrilus. The characteristic New Zealand form is evidently 
Acanthodrilus, while Perichzta is represented by but few species. 
Arthropods.—Benham thinks that the structures found in a New 
Zealand earth-worm (Acanthodrilus multiparous) throw light upon the 
possible origin of the Malpighian tubules in the Arthropoda. In this 
worm minute czecal diverticula arise from the (? hind) gut, but a little 
farther forward similar tubules become continuous with undoubted 
nephridia. These are certainly comparable to the anal nephridia of 
the Gephyrea, and in order to convert them into Malpighian tubules 
is to limit their number and arrange them in regular order, their inner 
ends being closed. 
» Fishes.—Jordan & Fisher describe as new (Proc. Acad, Nat. Sci. 
Philadelphia, 1889) Orthopristis lethopristis from the Galapagos Islands. 
Meek and Bollman describe (Z. c.) two specimens of Zlegatis. bipin- 
nulatus Bennett, taken off Long Island, N. Y., the first occurrence of 
the species in the waters of the United States. 
Willard Morrison (Z ¢.) reviews the American species of Priacan- 
thide. He regards the family as an offshoot of the Serranide, and 
recognizes two genera—Priacanthus with the species catafula, cren- 
tatus and bonariensis, and Pseudopriacanthus with a single species, 
altus. 
Ph. Kirsch and Morton Fordice (J c.) review the American Stur- 
geons. The species recognized are Scaphirhynchus platyrhynchus and 
Acipenser sturio, medirostris, rubicundus, brevirostrum and tra 
anus. : 
Ph. Kirsch (Z. c.) recognizes the following species of Uranoscopide 
in Europe and America: <athetostoma averruncus, Uranoscopus 
scaber, Astroscopus anoplos, Upsilonophorus Y-grecum, U. guttatus. 
Birds.—Beddard (dis, Jan., 1890) describes the alimentary canal 
of the Martineta Tinamou (Calodromas elegans.) The ceca differ 
from those of all other Crypturi, being furnished with numerous small 
diverticula, giving the inner surface an appearance not unlike the 
ventriculum of a ruminant’s stomach. 
