1890.] Zoology. 477 
Dinophilus.—S. F. Harmer describes the anatomy of D. teniatus.” 
The animal has two circles of preoral cilia, while each of the five body 
segments bears two similar circles, interrupted by the uniform ciliation 
of the ventral surface. The large brain nearly fills the preoral lobe, 
while the cesophageal commissures connect it with the widely separa- 
ted ventral cords. These latter lie just outside the basement membrane 
of the skin, and are provided with five ganglionic swellings. The 
paired eyes are on the top of the brain ; each consists of a pigmented 
sac filled with a clear substance. Below them is a pair of small sacs 
opening to the mouth, and innervated from the cesophageal cords. The 
mouth is ventral; the oblique cesophagus receives the ducts of the sali- 
vary glands and terminates in the large stomach, This latter is pro- 
long behind into a dorsal caecum, while below it communicates with 
the intestine. The anus is just above the tail. The body cavity is 
but slightly developed. Five pairs of nephridia are present, the hinder 
pair being converted in the male into vesiculz seminales. In the 
young the testes consist of a couple of ventral bands, but in the adult 
these are enlarged and united both anteriorly and posteriorly. The 
ovaries are four-lobed. A penis is present, and Harmer has witnessed 
copulation. Harmer agrees with most observers in regarding Dino- 
philus as one of the Archianellida. This species is about 2 mm. long, 
orange in color, and occurred in tide pools at Plymouth, England. 
Specimens were abundant April 18th. None could be found June 26th. 
Note on an American Species of Phreoryctus.—The 
family Phreoryctide is composed, as heretofore known, of one genus, 
containing three species of long and slender oligochzte worms, two of 
which have been reported from the continent of Europe? and one 
from New Zealand.‘ In Germany, one of the species, P. menkeanus, 
_has occurred quite frequently in the water of deep wells. In America 
this family seems to have escaped observation, as has been already re- 
marked, in fact, by Dr. Minot, in his article on Vermes in the San- 
dard Natural History. Recent observations here show, however, that 
the species is an inhabitant of the subterranean waters of this 
region; and I have been fortunate enough to obtain three examples 
from a farm drain, where the tile was stopped by an ingrowth of the 
roots of trees. 
2 Jour. Marine Biol. Assn., United Kingdom, No. 2., p. 119. 1889. 
3 See Vejdovsky, “ System und Morphologie der Oligochaeten,” pp. 48-50. 
4“ On the Reproductive Organs of Phreoryctus.” By Frank E. Beddard, M.A., Ann. 
Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, Vol. I., No. 6 (June, 1888), p. 389. 
