1890.] Zoology. 585 
Mr. Cecil Warburton, in an interesting study * of the spinning habits 
of the spider Zperra diademata, comes to some conclusions at variance 
with those usually held. By entrapping spiders while spinning, and 
then studying the spinnerets with the lens, he finds that the line does 
not usually consist of many threads fused together, but ordinarily of two 
or four distinct threads. His paper is supplementary to and to a large 
part confirmative of a recent one by Apstein. Experimentation of 
the same kind is easily conducted, and will lead to interesting results. 
Caelom and Nephridia in Palemon.—W. F. R. Weldon 
finds? that shortly after injecting a one per cent. solution of indigo 
carmine into the tissues of the prawn, it will be found aggregated in 
the anterior portion of the thorax. He finds there a cephalothoracic 
sac extending from the gonad forward to the anterior end of the body, 
giving off at each anterior angle tubes which connect the organ with 
the green gland. The structure of this latter differs from Grobbin’s 
account. From the above it appears probable that Weldon has here 
the long sought Arthropod ccelom, and the conclusive evidence that 
the green glands are true nephridia. The close connection of the 
gonad with the coelomic sac is also suggestive. This goes far toward 
supporting the views of Lankester and Sedgwick that the ccelom and 
blood-vascular spaces of the Arthropods are distinct, and that the 
general perivisceral space of a crayfish or a grasshopper is not to be 
compared with the body cavity of an annelid or vertebrate. 
Fishes.—The results of the deep sea dredging by the U. S. Fish 
Commission are now being published by the U. S. National Museum. 
The first paper is by Messers. Goode and Bean, and includes seventy new 
species, A list of all known deep sea fishes accompanies the description 
of these. Among the novelties is a new genus of Chimzridz, which 
has an extremely elongate muzzle. There are many other interesting 
forms. The fishes collected by the steamer Albatross are the subject of 
a report by Prof. C. H. Gilbert. Ninety-six species of this list are new. 
They are mostly from the Pacific Ocean near the Galapagos Islands. 
The expedition to explore the waters of the Valley of the Tennessee, 
sent by the U. S. Fish Commission under Prof. Jordan, have published 
their report. They found fourteen new species, the genus most largely 
represented by novelties being Etheostoma, of which the largest known 
species, Æ. rex Jord., was obtained. No exploration of this region has 
been made since that by Prof. Cope in 1869. 
$ Quart. Jour. Micros. Sci., XXXI, p. 29 1890. i 
1 Jour. Marine Biol. Assn., No. II., p. 162, 1869. 
