730 : The American Naturalist. [ August, 
Bergen’s Primer of Darwinism.‘—This little book is a’ con- 
venient one to put into the hands of a preliminary inquirer on the 
subject of evolution. It takes up successively the variability of species, 
the systematic order, and the parallels between the ontogeny and 
‘phylogeny. A number of illustrations elucidate the subject-matter. 
The authors have not gone into the discussion of the origin of varia- 
tion, and of the Neolamarckian and Neodarwinian schools, nor into 
the question of inheritance of acquired characters. As far as it goes, 
the book is an excellent one. 
Morris on Civilization.5—The history of civilization is the his- 
tory of mankind written from the utilitarian standpoint, rather than 
from the heroic or romantic. It is the real history, the one which will 
take the place of all others in our institutions of learning when our 
teachers have sufficiently escaped from tradition and custom. History 
as now taught is largely political history, where the occupations of the 
great majority of mankind are neglected, and in which the deeds of 
ind which were best worth doing are unrecorded. Mr. Morris’s 
book is a comprehensive synopsis of the progress of man in all his 
activities, occupying twenty-four chapters. He treats of population, 
government, religion, law, philosophy, commerce, wealth, science, art, 
and education. ‘The erudition necessary for the production of such a 
work is encyclopedic, and we may say that the work is well done 
considering the limited space at the author’s disposal. His own views 
are in touch with modern humanitarianism and modern thought, and 
his unobtrusive presentation of them appears to be the natural outcome 
of the logic of each subject as it arises. A more definite reference to 
authorities would have added greatly to the value of the work. 
4A Primer of Darwinism and Organic Evolution. E Y. Bergen, Jr., and Fanny 
D. Bergen. Boston, 1890, Lee & Shepard. 8vo, pp. 260. 
5 Civilization: A Historical Review of its E meer By Charles Morris. Chicago, 
1890, S. C. Griggs & Co. 8vo, 2 vols., pp. 1 
EE 
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