TITLES. 161 



an island the name of the place in question being affixed.&quot; 

 And then in ancient Mexico, the names of offices filled by 

 the king s brothers or nearest relatives were, one of them, 

 &quot; Cutter of men/ and another, &quot; Shedder of blood.&quot; 



Where, as among the Fijians, the conceived distinction 

 between men and gods is vague, and the formation of new 

 gods by apotheosis of chiefs continues, we find the gods 

 bearing names like those given during their lives to fero 

 cious warriors. &quot; The Woman-stealer,&quot; &quot; the Brain-eater,&quot; 

 &quot; the Murderer,&quot; &quot; Fresh-from-slaughter,&quot; are naturally 

 such divine titles as alise from descriptive naming among 

 ancestor-worshipping cannibals. That sundry titles of the 

 gods worshipped by superior races have originated in a kin 

 dred manner, is implied by the ascription of conquests to 

 them. Be they the Egyptian deities, the Babylonian dei 

 ties, or the deities of the Greeks, their power is represented 

 as having been gained by battle; and with accounts of their 

 achievements are in some cases joined congruous descrip 

 tive names, such as that of Mars &quot; the Blood-stainer,&quot; and 

 that of the Hebrew god &quot; the Violent One; &quot; which, ac 

 cording to Keunen, is the literal interpretation of Shaddai. 



401. Very generally among primitive men, instead of 

 the literally-descriptive name of honour, there is given the 

 metaphorically-descriptive name of honour. Of the Tupis, 

 whose ceremony of taking war-names is instanced above, 

 we read that &quot; they selected their appellations from visible 

 objects, pride or ferocity influencing their choice.&quot; That 

 such names, first spontaneously given by applauding com 

 panions and afterwards accorded in some deliberate way, 

 are apt to be acquired by men of the greatest prowess, and 

 so to become names of rulers, is suggested by what Ximenez 

 tells us respecting the semi-civilized peoples of Guatemala. 

 Their king s names enumerated by him are &quot; Laughing 

 Tiger,&quot; &quot;Tiger of the Wood,&quot; &quot;Oppressing Eagle,&quot; 

 &quot;Eagle s Head,&quot; &quot;Strong Snake.&quot; Throughout Africa 



