194 CEREMONIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



tion and disuse of dresses marking inferiority, lias gone far 

 among ourselves, but is still incomplete, is shown in almost 

 every household. On the one hand we have the fashionable 

 gowns of cooks and housemaids; on the other hand we have 

 that dwarfed representative of the muslin cap, which, once 

 hiding the hair, was insisted upon by mistresses as a class 

 distinction, but which, gradually dwindling, has now be 

 come a small patch on the back of the head : a good instance 

 of the unobtrusive modifications by which usages are 

 changed. 



415. Before summing up, I must point out that 

 though, in respect of these elements of ceremony, there are 

 not numerous parallelisms between the celestial rule and the 

 terrestrial rule, still there are some. That the symbol of 

 dominion, the sceptre, originally derived from a weapon, 

 the spear, is common to the two, will be at once recalled as 

 one instance; and the ball held in the hand as a second. 

 Further, in regions so far from one another as Polynesia 

 and ancient Italy, we find such communities of dress be 

 tween the divine and the human potentate, as naturally 

 follow the genesis of deities by ancestor-worship. Ellis 

 tells us that the Tahitians had a great religious festival at 

 the coronation of their kings. During the ceremonies, he 

 was girded with the sacred girdle of red feathers, which 

 identified him with the gods. And then in ancient Rome, 

 says Mommsen, the king s &quot; costume was the same as that 

 of the supreme god; the state-chariot, even in the city 

 where everyone else went on foot, the ivory sceptre with 

 the eagle, the vermilion-painted face, the chaplet of oaken 

 leaves in gold, belonged alike to the Roman god and to the 

 Roman king.&quot; 



As clearly as in preceding cases, we see, in the genesis 

 of badges and costumes, how ceremonial government begins 

 with, and is developed by, militancy. Those badges which 

 carry us back for their derivation to trophies taken from the 



