272 POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 



at first be effective only where there is obedience to peremp 

 tory command, it follows that there must be not only an 

 emotional nature which produces subordination, but also an 

 intellectual nature which produces faith in a commander. That 

 credulity which leads to awe of the capable man as a pos 

 sessor of supernatural power, and which afterwards, causing 

 dread of his ghost, prompts fulfilment of his remembered 

 injunctions that credulity which initiates the religious con 

 trol of a deified chief, re-inforcing the political control of his 

 divine descendant, is a credulity which cannot be dispensed 

 with during early stages of integration. Scepticism is fatal 

 while the character, moral and intellectual, is such as to 

 necessitate compulsory cooperation. 



Political integration, then, hindered in many regions by 

 environing conditions, has in many races of mankind been 

 prevented from advancing far by unfitnesses of nature 

 physical, moral, and intellectual. 



450. Besides fitness of nature in the united individuals, 

 social union requires a considerable homogeneity of nature 

 among them. At the outset this needful likeness of kind is 

 insured by greater ordess kinship in blood. Evidence meets 

 us everywhere among the uncivilized. Of the Bushmen, 

 Lichtenstein says, &quot;families alone form associations in single 

 small hordes sexual feelings, the instinctive love to children, 

 or the customary attachment among relations, are the only 

 ties that keep them in any sort of union/ Again, &quot; the 

 Eock Veddahs are divided into small clans or families asso 

 ciated for relationship, who agree in partitioning the forest 



succession of grunts they severally make, is so rapid that it is manifestly 

 impossible for them to give those effectual united pushes which imply 

 appreciable intervals of preparation. Still more striking is the want of con 

 cert shown by the hundred or more Nubians and Arabs employed to drag 

 the vessel up the rapids. There are shoutings, gesticulations, divided actions, 

 utter confusion ; so that only by accident does it at length happen that a 

 Buflicient number of efforts are put forth at the same moment. As was said 

 to me, with some exaggeration, by our Arab dragoman, a travelled mau 

 &quot; Ten Englishmen or Frenchmen would do the thing at once.&quot; 



