INDEX. 



259 



Evolution, 201, 202; discussion with 

 Cuvier, 202-204 "• unity of type, 203. 



St. Hilaire, Isidore, theory of limited 

 variability, 207 ; stability of types, 207 ; 

 influence of environment, 208. 



Struggle for existence, Anaximander, 35; 

 in feeding and propagation, Em- 

 pedocles, 39; Buffon, 136; Malthus, 

 136; E. Darwin, 142; Treviranus, 

 191 ; De Candolle, W. Herbert, Lyell, 

 239; Darwin, 239, 244; Wallace, 244. 



Suarez, special creation, 83; post-crea- 

 tion species, 84; opposes Augustine, 

 84; literalism, 85. 



Survival of the Fittest, forms or varieties 

 of life, Empedocles, 39 ; supported 

 by Epicurus, 60; by Lucretius, 61; 

 Hume, 97 ; Buffon, 136 ; Kant, loi ; 

 St. Hilaire, 199; Wells, 222; Mat- 

 thew, 223 ; Naudin, 225 ; Darw in, 

 236 ; Wallace, 245. Single advan- 

 tageous variations and organs stated 

 and opposed by Aristotle, 55 ; Dide- 

 r6t, by fortuitous combinations of 

 particles, 116; by combinations of 

 organs, 117; survival of opposable 

 thumb, Buffon, 141; E. Darwin, 141; 

 St. Hilaire, 199 ; Darwin, 239, 244. 



Teleology of Aristotle, 51 ; opposed by 



Democritus, 42; by Epicurus, 60; 



by Lucretius, 61 ; Kant, 99 ; Buffon, 



132; Darwin, 238. 

 Thales, suggestion of marine origin of 



life, 33. 

 Treviranus, his ' biology,' 188 ; his method, 



189; compensation of growth, 190; 



environment, 191 ; struggle for exist- 



ence, 191; factors of Evolution, 192; 

 abiogenesis, 193 ; primordial polyps, 

 194; matter and form, 194-195. 

 Type, unity of, Aristotle, 45 ; Bruno, 80; 

 Leibnitz, 96; Newton, 97; Kant. 102; 

 Herder, 103; Buffon, 134 ; E. Darwin, 

 145; Goethe, 184; St. Hilaire, 198, 

 203; Archetype, Owen, 219; Naudin, 

 223. 



Uniformitarianism, similarity of past 

 and present changes. Avicenna, 76; 

 Bruno, 82; Maillet, 112; Buffon, 137; 

 Lamarck, 165 ; Darwin, 232. 



Variation and Evolution, Bacon, 88.92; 

 Leibnitz, 99 ; fortuitous, from sexual 

 union, Maupertuis, 115; St. Hilaire, 

 199; Brown, 23s; Darwin, 244: Wal- 

 lace, 2^4. 



Variation, fortuitous, by fortuitous com- 

 binations, Empedocles, 38 ; Dider6t, 

 117; St. Hilaire, 199; Wells, 222; 

 Darwin's opinion, 237. 



Variability, theory of limited. Is. St. 

 Hilaire, 206-208. 



Vestigial structures, meaning of, Aris- 

 totle, 45; Buffon, 132; Goethe, 185. 



Wallace, on the evidence of Evolution, 

 226; statement of his theory, 244; 

 distinction of, 245. 



Wells, theory of natural selection, 222. 



Xenophanes, 36. 



Zeller, division of the Greek periods, 32 ; 

 upon origin of idea of Design, 40, 42. 



