55 



Behind Yortan are the mountains Kim-hö (*) , which are coverecl 

 with bamboo forests and whcre the melati ( 2 ) grows without cultivation. The 

 inhabitants all go naked and only wear a piece of paper to cover the 

 lower part of their body ; they plant beans for food and the able-bodied 

 amongst them are good hunters, chasing bucks, deer, apes and monkeys, 

 which they eat after slightiy roasting them; when thirsty they drink the 

 blood, to which they take wine made from a tree. They never come down 

 from their mountains. 



On the next page of the same work wc finrl the following geographical 

 indications : 



The White Island ( 3 ) is a name for the rivermouth of Yortan. 



Bangil ( 4 ) is situated more than 10 li (3 miles) beyond Yortan. 



On the trade. 



Grissé is subject to Java , but rules over Yortan , Surabaya and other 

 countries. Amongst the different nations which bring their goods to Ha-kang 

 (Bantam) , this country is always found. When out vessels arrive in these 

 parts, the different dependent places all come to Yortan to trade with the 

 Chinese and though it is an out of the way_ place, it still is very prosperous. 

 Formerly the transactions were made on board the ships, but lately the 

 number of traders having increased , they have gradually made shops on shore. 



Looking back for a moment on the different accounts of Java, which the 

 Ming clynasty lias transmitted us , we see in the first place that in the beginning of 

 the 15th century the Chinese envoys who visited this island, only went to the eastern 

 part and there found three trading ports : Tuban on the northern coast , TsVts'un , 

 a Chinese settlement at or near Grissé, and Surabaya. At all these places Chinese 

 were established and traded. The capital of the country was at Modjopait and was 

 reached by going up the Surabaya-river as far as Changko (Changkir) and further 

 overland. 



O w" •^ P4 | probably not a transcription of tlie native name, but rather a Chinese 

 denomination, whicli woukl raean //the golden mountains of the interior". These mountains must be 

 those called Tengger, of whicli the inhabitants difl'er from the other Javanese even now, and have for 

 instance resisted the introduction of the Islam amongst them. 



( 3 ) Wii.the island formeel by the river of Yortan near its mouth, Yortan being situated 

 further inland. 



O B| ^tJ ^ Bang-ka-li. 



