— 56 — 



Afterwards , as we see from the Tung Hsi Yang K'au , it seems that Tuban has 

 been leftby the Chinese on account of insecurity or, as they say , because there were 

 many robbers. TsVts'un, the Chinese name of Grissé, is changed into Sin-ts'un , the 

 New Village , but it seems that the place became of more difficult access and Chinese 

 ships were obliged to pass it. Surabaya is just mentioned, but was not of any impor- 

 tance either and all the trade went to a new place called Yortan , situated in the present 

 district Pasuruan and which has since disappeared again (*). Modjopait has vanished 

 also , having been destroyed in the wars which accompanied the introduction of the 

 Islam, and the eastern coast of the island is called Sukitan , which country had its 

 capital at Grissé and was subject to the prince of Java (Demak). This must have 

 been the situation about the arrival of the Europeans or not long afterwards. 



The Chinese envoys of the begiiming of the loth century only visited the 

 eastern part of Java, probably because the western side was not engaged in foreign 

 trade and therefore had no relations with China; this seems not to have lasted long 

 however, the Tung Hsi Yang K'au speaks of Ha-kang ( 2 ) (Bantam) as a thri ving place 

 and towards the end of the dynasty Pekalongan is mentioned- also. The name Bantam 

 is not found, the country in which Ha-kang was situated being called Sunda. 



No description of this part of the country is given, but the Tung Hsi Yang 

 K'au has the following account of the way in which trade was carried on there. 



Trade at Ha-kang in Java, 

 Tung Hsi yang K'au (1618). Book III. 



When a Chinese sliip arrivés here, a chief comes on board to take 

 informations. The captain gives him a basket with oranges and two sinall 

 umbrellas. The chief wiïtes at once to inform the king and on entering 

 the river, frnits and pieces of silk are sent as presents to this prince. The 

 king has fonr Chinese and two native writers to keep Iris books, and Chinese 

 who know the foreign language act as interpreters , one man tbr even* ship. 

 For trading purposes the king has assigned two places outside the town , 

 where the shops are made ; in the morning everybody goes to the market-place 

 to trade and at noon all is stopped. The king levies daily inarket-duties. 



The redhaired barbarians (Dutch or English) have come to Hakang 



(') The site of Yortan has been a subject of inuch discussion, some have sought it ncar 

 Grissé, whilst others say that it must have been the present Bangil; the details given in our trans- 

 lation show that it was situated about three miles to tbc norlh of the lattcr place, on the soul hem 

 branch of the Surabaya-river. 



( 2 ) ~TC V^, the Lower Bivcr or Port, is a Chinese and uot the native name. 



