96 THE TREES AND SHRUBS [LECT. 



one of which grows wild, and is much smaller 

 than the other, and is called by the Greeks Chamce- 

 acte, or Helix. In lib. xvi. c. 42, he mentions the 

 Sambucus as one of the best of trees for timber ; and 

 in lib. xv. c. 34, he alludes to the fruit of the Sam- 

 bucus as hanging upon stalks and branches united, 

 the meaning of which is not very clear, com- 

 paring it in this respect to the Ivy. 



Theophrastus, however, enters more fully into 

 a description of this plant q , describing it as thriving 

 especially, but not exclusively, in watery places. 



This, then, is the larger kind of Elder noticed 

 by ancient naturalists, including no doubt all the 

 species indigenous in the south of Europe, ex- 

 cepting the S. efadus, which is clearly pointed out 

 by Dioscorides as a dwarf kind, resembling in 

 its flowers and fruit the common one. To this 

 Virgil, in his 10th Eclogue, plainly alludes, when 

 he speaks of the Ebulus and its red berries : 



" Pan, deus Arcadiae, venit, quern vidimus ipsi 

 Sanguineis ebuli baccis minioque rubentem." 



LONICERA. 



Although five species of Honeysuckle are no- 

 ticed as occurring in Greece, and no less than nine 

 in Italy, it is difficult to say by what names they 

 were recognised in ancient times. 



Pliny r describes a plant called Clymenos, with 

 leaves like the Ivy, numerous branches, and a 



" H. PI., i. 6, and iii. 12. ' Lib. xxv. c. 33. 



