xiv FAMILIAR WILD FLOWERS. 



with two sessile, trifoliate leaves beneath them. Stamens ten, dia- 

 delphous. Style simple. Ovary one-celled. Legumes few-seeded. 

 Leaves alternate, trifoliate, each leaflet often marked with a white 

 lunulate spot ; the leaflets obovate or obcordate, serrate. Stipules, 

 large. Stalk erect, hairy. Meadows, roadsides. May, June, July, 

 August, September. Perennial. 



COLTSFOOT, TUSSILAGO FABFABA. Nat. Ord., Composites. 

 Flower-heads monsecious, bright yellow, solitary, terminal, inner 

 florets tubular, outer ligulate; the florets of the ray very numerous, 

 the rays very narrow; florets of the disk sterile, few. Pappus pilose. 

 Eeceptacle naked. Involucre of a single row of scales. The flowering 

 stems erect, clothed with small, narrow, alternate scales, and appear- 

 ing before the leaves. Eoot-stock creeping. Leaves radical, large, 

 cordate, angular, toothed, their under surface covered with a white 

 down. Clayey soils, railway embankments, waste ground. March, 

 April. Perennial. 



DEVIL'S-BIT SCABIOUS, SCABIOSA SUCCISA. Nat. Ord., 

 Dipsacea. Calyx surmounted by four bristles, surrounded by mem- 

 branaceous involuceL Corolla with oblique limb, four-lobed, purple. 

 Stamens four, distinct, nearly equal; anthers large. Ovary one-celled. 

 Style one, filiform. Flowers collected into a dense, globular head. 

 The involucre many-leaved. Eeceptacle scaly. Eadical leaves, 

 stalked, ovate, entire, stem-leaves few in number, hairy, opposite, 

 narrow, slightly toothed. Eoot-stock short and abruptly ending. 

 Meadows. July, August, September, October. Perennial. 



WALL PENNYWORT, COTYLEDON UMBILICUS. Nat. Ord., 

 Crassulacc?. Calyx very small, five sepals. Corolla campanulate, 

 five teeth. Stamens ten, inserted at base of corolla. Carpels five. 

 Ovary superior. Flowers pendulous, racemose. Leaves mostly radical, 

 on long stalks, orbicular, fleshy, peltate, crenate, depressed in centre. 

 Stem erect, succulent, simple or slightly branched. Old buildings, 

 rocks, wayside walls. June, July, August. Perennial. 



SMALL KNAPWEED, CENTAUBEA NIGBA. Nat. Ord., Com- 

 posite. Florets purple, all equal, or at times the outer row larger and 



