viii FAMILIAR WILD FLOWERS. 



exstipulate, embracing stem. Bracts conspicuous. Wet ditches, 

 river-sides. July, August, September. Perennial. 



IVY-LEAVED TOAD-FLAX, LINARIA CYMBALARIA. Nat. 

 Ord., Scrophulariacece. Calyx persistent, five-cleft. Corolla mono- 

 petalous, irregular, deciduous, spurred at base, closed by palate. 

 Flowers small, borne on axillary peduncles. Stamens four, didy- 

 namous. Style one ; stigma two-lobed. Capsule two-celled, globular. 

 Leaves on long stalks, five-lobed, fleshy; veins obscure, often purple 

 on under surface. Stems long, filiform, trailing. Rocks and old walls, 

 preferably in damp situations. May, June, July, August, September, 

 October. Perennial. 



BETONY, BETONICA OFFICINALIS. Nat. Ord., LabiatcB. Calyx 

 tubular, ovate, ten-ribbed, five-toothed. Corolla irregular, tubed, 

 upper lip erect, the lower lobed and spreading. Stamens four, in 

 pairs beneath upper lip, two long, two short. Ovary one, four-lobed. 

 Stigma two-lobed. Fruit a smooth nut. Leaves few in number, 

 opposite, lower ones on long stalks, upper ones on short stalks or 

 sessile, coarsely crenate, veining conspicuous. Stem square, hairy. 

 Flowers in dense whorls arranged in a terminal spike. Bract large. 

 Woods and hedgerows. June, July, August. Perennial. 



ROCK HOSE, HELIANTHEMUM VULGARE. Nat. Ora., CistaceCB. 

 Calyx of five sepals, three large, ribbed, and equal, and two smaller 

 outer ones. Corolla deciduous, five petals, crumpled, broadly spread- 

 ing. Stamens numerous, hypogynous. Style one, filiform. Stigma 

 simple. Capsule with three valves. Leaves opposite, on short stalks, 

 lanceolate, green above, grey beneath. Stipules linear-lanceolate. 

 Flowers in loose racemes : flower-stems drooping before and after 

 flowering. Stems shrubby, procumbent. Dry pasturage and hill-sides. 

 July, August, September. Perennial. 



MONEYWORT, LYSIMACHIA NUMMULARIA. Nat. Ord., Primu- 

 lacece. Calyx deeply five-cleft. Corolla regular, deeply five-lobed, cup- 

 like, large, bright yellow. Stamens five. Ovary superior, one-celled. 

 Style one. Stigma capitate. Fruit a one-celled capsule opening at 

 the top. Flowers on axillary peduncles. Leaves opposite, shortly 



