BORAGE FAMILY. Boraginacese. 



smooth stem, and dark green acute lance-shaped or oblong 

 leaves, has escaped from cultivation in some of the east- 

 ern States, and is established permanently in many lo- 

 calities, generally adjoining old dwellings. 2-6 feet high. 



A smooth perennial with slender and 

 Cireek Valerian 



Polemonium weak steins finally reclining, and com- 

 reptans pound alternately growing leaves formed 



Light violet o f 5_15 ovate lance-shaped leaflets ; the up- 

 April-May permost leaves generally simple ; all tooth- 

 less. Flowers about ^ inch long, light blue-violet or 

 rarely white, in loose clusters and nodding bluebell- 

 like. 8-12 inches high. In thin woods, N. Y., south 

 to Ga., west to Minn, and Mo. 



La e A much rarer species, found only by the 

 Polemonium mountain streams and in the swamps of 

 cceruleum the north. It has a stout horizontal root 



Violet from which spread numerous rootlets, 



May-July wjth erecfc stems smoot h and leafy to the 



top. Leaves compound like those of the preceding 

 species, the lower ones consisting of 15-19 nearly stem- 

 less, ovate pointed leaflets. Flowers numerous in a 

 somewhat long cluster, bright violet, and nearly 1 inch 

 br6ad, with conspicuous stamens and style, the five lobes 

 of the corolla rounded. 1-2| feet high. From Vermont 

 and northern N. Y. , south to Md. Common only in the 

 far north. Found at Abby Pond, Ripton, Vt. 



BORAGE FAMILY. Boraginacece - 



In our range annual or perennial herbs with rough- 

 hairy stems and generally alternate, toothless, rough 

 leaves. The blue-violet flower perfect and regular with 

 a five-lobed corolla (Echium excepted), and five stamens. 

 Flowers mostly in one-sided spikes, which at first are 

 somewhat rolled up, straightening as the blossoms ex- 

 pand. Cross-fertilized mostly by butterflies and bees. 



An ill-smelling biennial with a fine- 

 Hound's tongue 



Cynoglossum hairy, stout, branching stem, and with 



offitinale lance-shaped leaves stemless, except the 



Magenta basal ones which are oblong and long 



slender-stemmed. The small magenta 



or rarely white flowers, five-lobed, and 



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